Today, someone in the group looked under the posts made so funny I sent you Lehe Lehe
that hideous 【2007】
reprinted with their 5-year daughter to the small white face to the Dance Abduction run. had 10.1 to marry. played second man what a person did not go out to purification. as a friend to fight, detained for 15 days, after coming out of a person I pay medical expenses, under the usurper himself resigned. room did not, rent a haunted house every night, the wall is too thin, Jiaochuang next door every night to listen to, and Jiaochuang's still a man, and bought a Chihuahua raised in February found a husky, online shoot a little girl, a meeting know that this is a divorce , and her son a year younger than me, kill me every day now, said it was to my left, I go, you were divorced two years to know me, you Ah woman also said to be non-sense of foreboding. night drunk to MIX , woke up and then saw a man in a hotel, so now do not know that did not let him.
funny dog at home, so Ah sit, roll Ah, let roll Ah, Ah inverted. hungry to bite me clothes, never eat dog food at night while I was asleep, his steal in the fridge to eat garlic. I say you in the end are not dogs, wandering the streets pulling you had wanted to strike up a girl through you, to you TM will trace the old lady ass, touch you, you see the beautiful shit. You say you are not abnormal. I give you special sad day I can be you, see my friends just like Qindie is met, full of to roll. I'm a dog I either throw you eat hot pot.
want to lose weight, hungry every day, one day could not bear it, bought a 7 kg persimmon, eating poisoned. Zhonghua 8 money to buy a yoga CD, and training of 4 days, the neck stretch, now 2, is not as high as the shoulders, the woman saw me said I was rotten rogue.
want to play point night romantic to do for ourselves candlelight dinner, the results of the quilt on fire. My mother thought I had wanted to be self-immolation, give me a mental hospital for 2 days.
really lonely and spent a large upper eyelid 5 to buy a goldfish, bought after bulging belly in the water, motionless. I always thought it was dead, there are days of urine urinary finished, easily threw the toilet, this grandson of travel in the urine is called a joy, ah, can not bear to give it red pit, the start remove from the urine to come. Results hands began peeling, I'm still not good.
get that beer, eat fried bread covered, eating ravioli get that pedicure. do by bus doors head, Da Cangying hands shoot nails on, buy the stock had no up to the White Cloud Temple to burn incense burning, the phone is not out of merit in the box to get out. out the door of a monk that I become rich, is now taking back the word, a pleasure to spend 570 dollars to buy him a jade amulet, so every day with my mouth, one day my buddy came to say how green tongue, I looked out the original Jade is a big glass, buddy said: Have you seen there Taoist monks? I think also, grandson to lie to you lie to me, let me also his mother every day, non-dangling, now a mother tongue other people thought I was his gall bladder burst, you say that girl I can manage.
nightmares every day, not being kill, is to allow the animal to the J.
want to be honest at home watching TV, his mom Taiwan and Taiwan play Tai Mei Niu, there are several billion big daddy. Pro Ah you said: I was not that. and my peers are not so live, ah, another station to: yell again made a promise more than three a day significance of things, yesterday incomplete efforts toward it, today on the anti-collapse of a major drug traffickers to Myanmar spy, possible? more than three, I tell you, I am Wang large chicken child, I was the girl groups of iron, you believe it? TM TV smashed really want.
the alumni would like to seek for 2 people to eat the rest of the little girl, my elementary school all married woman, plus high school college class, the administrator will not let me through, that I go to school that would What is the bad boy, I ran all three of the TM.
to just write posts, trip time, the computer automatically shut down 2 times, not a cigarette, pick up trash smoke fart pumping, hand-pinning also allows one click the.
me how his mother in 2007 so back it. do not say, and I hope 2008 can be a good point
Tuesday, February 15, 2011
Monday, February 14, 2011
Matchmaker for the Warriors and talented woman to do
Talented to do for the Warriors and South Korea joint mountaineering matchmaker
mm Gangdise Travel Notes
(uploaded in June of this article, could not find it. Carefully check the archive file, and found the Prophet Germany, > In the spring of primer
1996, the economy in the province of Yunnan Sheng Tiwei log recruitment of two climbers television ads, advertising, broadcast consecutive month, whatever the outcome, five are not afraid to die. two great boys body - Mu Shi-Jun 27-year-old, 25-year-old Yuan Hongbo is selected. and then they were sent to training bases in Beijing, China Mountaineering Association.
At this point, I also made up his mind to leave Guangzhou, vagrant. - the Gangdise Mountains, the target mm two virgin peaks.
mountain, for most Chinese people, has still a luxury, with money still does not work, you must also find a good stick, and was able to follow China Mountain climbers into old friends around, this rare opportunity. And again I think we need to find a job much easier. Besides, I know, China in 1996, climbing movement in China has basically completed a major qualitative change , and I want to personally go to prove that it is a qualitative change.
before departure, I already know I caught another in the traditional opportunity to describe the heroic stories, the traditional narrative is outdated, I can not reuse the year Everest Double Cross described the , rewarded 10 million
? it. Anyway, he has not live much longer. indelible impression.
In this context, Yuan Mu heart does not prove curiosity worth two. So Wood kept from the Shih-Chun old parents living in rural areas.
human beings have an extremely valuable quality - the unknown world of the ;, it is human understanding of nature's most powerful understanding of their original mental power. But not everyone has this quality. So, you may never convince someone to believe the mountain can not make any sense, you can get only their own feelings.
, of course, an obvious fact that climbers are not necessarily a composition by the fans.
Second, the fortune teller said that hh
1996 �� 9 12 afternoon, Korean Joint poor wood Kangri - cold cloth Kangri Expedition, breakdown of secondary school students and white sportswear at the venue on both sides. Sa Sa will be two of the sidelines of both visitors passing from their expedition to create an atmosphere of almost no sense.
there had been climbing the whole country in view of China Note, Celebration, the scene has gone. climbers China and the ROK is not very concerned about starting, 13, Friday? > I understand that climbers know that these words half joke, half true. in the captain Wang Yongfeng fortune teller forget the mother of a diagram, please. conclusion is: the go thousands of miles, will have gone through ups and downs, and ultimately be successful safe return in 1993, when Wang Yongfeng Zhu Mu Lang climbing, descending after a successful way to distress, and the base camp lost contact with up to 28 hours, frozen off several toes. that adventure frightened his mother.
13, Japanese and Korean members of the joint expedition of 30 climbers over the six men traveling in the off-road and a Bus from Beijing. expedition scheduled in 10 days: Anyang south - turn west Chuang Tongguan - arrived in Xianyang - the West Side Pingliang - more Liupanshan - Cross Lanzhou to Xining, Qinghai-Tibet line runs through the gravel along the vast desert, many Shiozawa the Qaidam Basin, off the southwest later, crossing the Kunlun Pass - five beams - spanning the Yangtze River source Tuotuohe - and then break Tanggula - across the grasslands of northern Tibet.
bolted after thousands of miles, may have time to Yangbajing Wash all the way hot dust, and then at or near the first target - the poor mother at the foot of hills camp. climbers was so known to go by land, I resolved to squeeze into the time-consuming and labor-intensive way to take this I later became a mystery to be uncovered.
three Tongguan nightmare
9 �� 13 morning, the expedition set out from Beijing, the first leg of the intended target - Anyang, Henan. Team a Shijiazhuang High-speed, poor road conditions on the up - narrow peak.
;
In fact, the But the climbing community has always been short of money. Therefore, in accordance with the joint to the sponsorship in kind, so six of modern off-road vehicles to offset the agreement should be out by the large amount of money.
gave this to cause trouble for China's Association board, large team of people in Tibet by car, plane tickets is saved, room and board expenses have increased along. And to the traffic situation in China today, the land will not only travel four thousand kilometers is too long, there are risks of long-distance traffic pouring the pressure involved.
14 �� 6 pm, expedition Tongguan arrived in Shaanxi, 210 State Road in front of a desperate tummy actually queues. thousands of vehicles from start to finish, the Tongguan - Mountain Valley at the foot of nearly 20 kilometers stuffing. local traffic police said that the dead dragon 13 at 14:00 on the surprise that the piece of queues longer. Driven to despair, I and the Chinese Mountaineering Team players Wang Yongfeng, Zhang Zhijian, wood Shi-Jun, Yuan Hongbo several people act as traffic police, began struggling to divert vehicles. valley thousands of cars The driver was trapped for two days and nights all gone temper, obedient to meet with us, hh
1996 can no longer be done in the spring, the economy in the province of Yunnan Sheng Tiwei log recruitment of two climbers TV ads, advertising, broadcast consecutive month, whatever the outcome, not afraid of death to five. Two great body boy - 27-year-old wood Shi-Jun, Yuan Hongbo, 25, was selected. and then they were sent to training bases in Beijing, China Mountaineering Association.
At this point, I also made up his mind to leave Guangzhou, once again become I've never been - Gangdise mountains, the target mm two virgin peaks.
mountain, for most Chinese people, has still a luxury, with money still does not work, you must also find a good walking stick , to follow the Chinese team into the mountains around old friends, this rare opportunity. And again I think we need to find a job much easier. Besides, I know, China in 1996, climbing movement in China has basically completed a major qualitative change, and I want to personally go to prove that it is a qualitative change.
before departure, I already know I caught another in the traditional heroes of the story describes the opportunities, the traditional narrative is obsolete, I do not might then depict two-year span Everest
one, rewarded 10 million
Universal Ganzhe Shi? He wins spot. anyway, he has not live much longer. hearts bears the indelible impression.
In this context, Yuan Mu curiosity to know only two did not prove worth curiosity. So Wood kept from the Shih-Chun old parents living in rural areas.
human beings have an extremely valuable quality - of the unknown ; curiosity received only their own feelings.
, of course, an obvious fact that climbers are not necessarily a composition by the fans.
expedition to the west, elevation gradually increased along the increasingly bleak. < br> 17 day expedition to the Da Xining. dinner is the count, suddenly found that employed by other units from the temporary driver Yang Jingqing gone. the original, the first one on the plateau Yang Jingqing altitude sickness appeared to Xining, not hello back to the hotel to lay down.
19 morning, after a day rest in Xining, the expedition set out at noon to enter the narrow basin. in this desert wasteland filled with gravel, and from east to west is covered with a known as the ; Kuafuzhuiri using over-kilometer Qinghai-Tibet line is very significant benefits to open truck, generally one way to get 6 thousand dollars a month, two more trips without too much problem. to earn the money and not everyone dares to earn. The result of Run Hill lost his life. request to go home. The 40 several of the man wiping away tears, said: because the rhetoric of the era too old. Three days later, he was sent down from the mountain.
Yang Jingqing gone, that night, I wrote in the diary: In China, the mountain was exaggerated movement of the expression of national will , now it's this feature is gone. This change is the desire and choice in many ordinary leaving a space, which makes it easier for you to see the colorful life, in fact, is derived from its complexity. in that dangerous environment, people are no longer so taboo in talking about their true motives, and basically in accordance with their true feelings to make a choice, this community greatly progressed.
the way into the mountains, the driver of the Chinese Mountaineering Association, Wang ugly child said to me: feel different, they are real. If you want to mountain climbing, and have the financial resources, or to catch a ride like me to go; If you can not stand the torture, you can also choose to set. However, for now poverty in mountaineering circles in China see chance to seize a mountain, much more difficult than down.
climbers participated in the activities of people know, every mountain activities are a story of the General Assembly. The Wang Yongfeng also told me revealed a buried long story: in 1995 during the Spring Festival, he and Li Zhixin to climb the South American peak of Aconcagua. Aconcagua in Argentina's scenic spots, each year thousands of foreign climbers to the mountain. climbers to the base camp of the The distance between the very long, to walk for three days. If you do not want to walk, you have to hire local people to travel pack donkeys. but the price of your travel ass too scary, actually be $ 2,000.
time with them Also from the North Star to the Bai Jianqiang. Baijian Jiang never been to high altitudes, carrying luggage on the road did not take long, they feel unable to stand, then begged hire donkeys to ride. Wang Yongfeng coaxed, the four legs The scary thing is too expensive, or Ting Ting it. wait for the white lords tired to cry, but can not cry, had shouted: fucking. Damn U.S.!
If the time to push to Everest in 1988 the day I, I will certainly give up these interest, because this is real life.
six, base camp, many people have heard a suspicious animal sounds, round and round and round the tent camp.
, finally give up the idea, to bad if that wild boar.
24 �� breakfast, a group of people sitting around and began a warm talk with in the end last night visited the headquarters of what is animal. Zhijian dye determined to declare a climate of fear, insisted that like a wild boar out of a Yak called no surprise. the. Who would have thought a few days later, one thing surprised me, I was with the an oddly shaped cast the net, I am very surprised that situation.
Gang at the poor mother did not seem wild boar, wolf hard to say whether there is a. in good Pu said, do be careful in Xixiabangma wolf mountain. One year he to Shishapangma, the camp killed a sheep, the sheep on the tent, the next day, raw sheep gone, leaving a string of wolf footprints on the snow. the same day, a first night will be translated into the mountains of acute last resort out of the tent comical hit the base camp.
in the mountains, many of these are available not only pass the time of the conversation, but also to create a steady stream of bizarre anecdotes In 1996, the mountain in my eyes have started to like the symphony of war evolved into an essay.
seven, fruit, then ignited moxa, sprinkle with roasted barley, a surge of white smoke rose curling, snow-capped mountains in the background was black and blue sky, constitute a particularly beautiful picture.
officially started mountaineering .
27 days, I came to the advance camp 5600 meters above sea level, on the case of new members and Shih-Chun Yuan Hongbo sadly wood height 200 meters from the large ice wall down.
Shih-Chun wood spirits yesterday, said he is also a large ice wall can not grasp the essentials on how, like a top spinning wildly unstable points. stupid thick wooden bit frustrating.
observed in the forward camp, the poor at home Gang more beautiful, in the Tibetan language, the mother Kangri dome means the camp is quite spectacular Bing Talin left and right in front of a large ice wall is imposing.
the Chinese team has two players in geological doctorate - Zhang Zhijian, Ma Xinxiang.
33-year-old Zhang Zhijian said that the avalanche zone, everything.
very rich mother Kangri dome shape of the peak of the rounded peaks, the visual impression is very gentle.
In Tibet, many peaks have . because the Chinese players do not like to They also wash basin, low is the Foot bathtub.
weather will be late, I went to the lake to fetch water for cooking, wooden cautioned that do not draw water in the lake directly, export to the bottom of the lake water overflow. Tibetan villagers reminded that God is the lake, direct water might damage the and nature so deep gulf, an important reason is that human nature has been lost due awe.
eight, play a very stimulating rat
climbing, sometimes very lonely.
28 day and night, a heavy snow, forcing the suspension of mountaineering activities. Mende tears of the camp staff have to find something to do nothing.
afternoon, Li Zhixin, Wang Yongfeng bored, come up with a way to pass the time - with the stream filling rat holes. Now Tibet's grasslands, most of the rat holes clouds, the fat mice looked very lovely too many in the grasslands a large landscape. Li and Wang first bucket irrigation efficiency is too low, that is not fun, but also recruited to the rat holes in the irrigation water hoses, and that hundreds of thousands of rat holes, almost all of them associated, where they can succeed. Li Zhixin refused Ganxiu, simply divert the stream, the direct use of stream water irrigation holes. I side Rao in the mood to watch them toss the afternoon, a prairie mice did not taking it every.
lonely, sometimes led to the discovery of particularly subtle. Morning Li Zhixin, said excitedly: The hole will be the morning frost. probably the first time in this life so sweet to eat climbing community officials to come to visit the barracks one after another.
9 30, South Korean television team equipment employed to prepare the forward pack yak camp. in good Pu remind each other, there is not a well-trained pack of yak cows, equipment or the people back safe. South Korean press did not seriously. yaks immediately fired back, jumped a pass arbitrary, thrown to the machine immediately, South Korean reporters Mianrutuse scared.
the mountain, many of China and the ROK ; mountaineering official Long Ren Zhechun visited the camp to move forward. potbellied Renzhe Chun walking in the rugged mountain road, still flamboyant place hands behind, and walked Fangbu. tired, sit down, accompanied by an immediate delivery of South Korean team of coffee, King cigarettes. smoke, if not smoked, he also accompanied by delivery team, accompanied by team members and then pumping pleasure, like to be touched by Xianqi.
Koreans so they Ren Zhechun to us president: students, he had served as president of South Korea Central University. At present business, we still have politicians. like mountains, but in any case not in the camp overnight, so the expedition from Lhasa during the day and sent a car to receive his base camp, then he returned to Lhasa in the evening five-star hotel.
the history of mountaineering in the world, so long toss back and forth of. the most money (reportedly $ 200,000 per year minimum) when the president and when not to pay, popular mountain in South Korea. However, South Korea mountain retreat of the decision or in the hands of an experienced mountaineer. The members of the Korean team is the first climbers from South Korea finished Zhang Feng selected. South Korean players on the money too, there are ten blocks of eight thousand meters mountain climbing experience, Zhang Feng finished, it can be said to be in awe.
last year, South Korea to prepare for joint mountaineering, Mount Everest in Qinghai jade training, two South Korean team drink fight, taekwondo master Zhang Feng five sections of the two end immediately all knocked to the ground, and put them in the primaries from the joint expedition off the list.
ten, snow mountain tomb monument
10 ��4, ad hoc decision to attack the United climbers summit, the result was the blizzard of failure. China and the ROK decided to rest the first assault, assault by a second upward movement, at an altitude of 6600 meters height to establish ��� camp.
10 ��5 morning, four South Korean players began to height of 6600 meters above sea level movement. That day is Saturday. 10:30, president of South Korea's high the mountains the situation calm, sunny home base is, so the Chinese camp who simply moved to the open air the Licensing Board. Although not play, but were attracted to gambling interest in the world of the Korean people, who crowd in the side Chinese gambling law - so, high-president of Xing and then concentrated bet, did not dare to watch the battle, and hurried up the The activity is in the Gangdese of Mt Kamiyama Gangrenboqi peak, is said to be a turn around Gangrenboqi peak sins washed away for 10 years, turn twice to wash away the life of sin, how many laps on the sub- you can go to heaven hh
ZHANG Xi-chen told me that he turned to give the mountain climbers in the hope to bring good luck.
the way to Tibet, I learned that Xi-Chen has repeatedly after treatment for the climbers of the victims things, so today decided to interview him.
1975, China carried out in the northern slope of Mount Everest climbing a large-scale activities, ZHANG Xi-chen is the first time that exposure to mountaineering activities in Tibet. Since then, he had more than a dozen views into the mountains.
1978, China and Iran who have been jointly adaptive climbing Everest. then a new shadow factory sent a man named Shi Ming Ji photographer, he went to the 5580 meters a heart attack on the spot death. mountaineers to the tall stone body carried back to camp next century cremation, cremation for this set up a three-team leader is Chenshang Ren, crew and Wang Xi-Chen is the ugly child. ZHANG Xi-chen said, the day the sun has not set, and we erected pyre, doused with gasoline, Shi Ming Ji is the big man, not burn burn morning. Later, we picked up a point of the ashes back in Beijing to open a memorial service.
1980, the Sino-Japanese climbing Mount Everest , Ube Japan, players out the way down from the height of 8200 meters Huazhui, has been thrown to 6800 meters, the whole body and broke all the bones, like a dough. the body was carried back to base camp, this is Xi-Chen, Wang and Chen Shangren three ugly child team composed of his cremation cremation. ZHANG Xi-chen said: ;
Xi-Chen Zhang, said he often dreamed of familiarity in the mountains of the dead. Now one was killed on the tension.
, however, did not deter the victims century, 20 years later by the rise of .20 Himalayan climbing fever not only in full swing, few people concerned about previous mountain climbing activities Gangdese started.
indeed, had never heard of what climbers want to , as long as the mountain to the snow as possible to the tomb, to the mountain for the monument.
Why climbing? To conquer nature? this concept has long been a market;
to become famous? This is certainly better than bare in the square safer left more effort sensation;
to make money? the world the vast majority of climbers, are to-pocket.
Why? Perhaps the only answer is a common human curiosity and great natural magic.
XI, a beautiful landscape
10 7th - surprise at.
3:00, the United climbers commander Li Zhixin has been up.
4 ʱ 20 points Chinese players Wang Yongfeng, La camp number two from the 6000 m peak of .6 to begin direct assault, the captain of China and the ROK began to call the 6600 meters, respectively, of the six commandos ��� camp. It was not until 8:00, III camps do not have any answer . Li Zhixin very nervous, how six people can not hear the call? he could not help but think of Meili Snow Mountain tragedy.
8 when 30 minutes, South Korea completed the first climb captain Feng Zhang and Three camps were connected to the walkie-talkie, when he learned Three South Korean team is not prepared by the mountain wind was furious after starting his walkie-talkie in one by one to three of South Korea called on the players to come sharply reprimanded.
At this point, Wang Yongfeng, Laba Camp III has arrived with the three convergence of the Chinese team members were found Camp III is indeed too much wind, the tent camp on the building ledge, standing outside in high winds when dangerous .8 40 points, base camp for the first time and they pass on the word, they reported that the mountain wind of seventy-eight, unable to move, if unoccupied tents have been blown.
windy hill, but the stronghold of observation, but it is blue skies, no wind that sign.
not call for two hours answer, worried about hanging lamps Li Zhixin very fast. Thereafter, III incredible camp fell into a long silence .10 points, Li Zhixin suddenly learned from the Koreans call, highlighting not proceed because the Chinese team was not ready, Li Zhixin suddenly fly into a rage on the walkie-talkie in called from: At this time the South Korean team meal is indeed in the other Chinese, and it is waiting for Wang Yongfeng. Wang Yongfeng morning departure going too fast, take the heat, and put the piece of leg zipper underwear pulled down. but went cold large wind bone air assassination, the zipper pull is also not on how. It was a nightmare, his leg wrapped in ice and snow stormed a tent camp III, trembling, stiffness of hands. Zhijian seeing this, that his own crotch, said not care so much, and you hand it to the plug, the only warm hh
headquarters staff totally unaware of this situation, Wang Yongfeng is furious about the do not want to explain. This has become the biggest day charades.
10 o'clock half, China and South Korea team finally set off, an eagle flew over the camp like a camel in front add to the fun, for a long time leisurely in the sky, which has twice landed ten meters away from us place, very confident we came close to taking pictures.
Since then, the while listening to a report on progress commandos, while holding high-powered telescope rotation spot situation, in the bright snow on the slope of the assault team moving slowly, just like a small black ant queue. commandos progressing well , base camp staff feel more relaxed, drinking tea tea, coffee coffee, there are people sipping beer, watching TV drama leisurely a beautiful landscape, rich romantic stronghold Liu Yizhuo.
that day, China and South Korea nine players (five Chinese) hand in hand on board the poor mother of Okazaki peak.
second, half a matchmaker
10 12, bid farewell to the expedition, like adventure too.
but this mountain, the Chinese team seems destined to only as Tashi also because of finger frostbite team can not continue to .10 14 May, China and South Korea to reach the second goal of the Allied Expeditionary Force - Cold Bugang at the foot of the peak the next day, the Tibetan mountains La reconnaissance team has a sprained foot. a series of attrition, the Chinese power greatly reduced.
cold Bugang at mid-mountain peak in the Gangdise also Gangdise mountain peak, the Mountain dangerous situation. accompanied the expedition ... Saga Prefecture
mm Gangdise Travel Notes
(uploaded in June of this article, could not find it. Carefully check the archive file, and found the Prophet Germany, > In the spring of primer
1996, the economy in the province of Yunnan Sheng Tiwei log recruitment of two climbers television ads, advertising, broadcast consecutive month, whatever the outcome, five are not afraid to die. two great boys body - Mu Shi-Jun 27-year-old, 25-year-old Yuan Hongbo is selected. and then they were sent to training bases in Beijing, China Mountaineering Association.
At this point, I also made up his mind to leave Guangzhou, vagrant. - the Gangdise Mountains, the target mm two virgin peaks.
mountain, for most Chinese people, has still a luxury, with money still does not work, you must also find a good stick, and was able to follow China Mountain climbers into old friends around, this rare opportunity. And again I think we need to find a job much easier. Besides, I know, China in 1996, climbing movement in China has basically completed a major qualitative change , and I want to personally go to prove that it is a qualitative change.
before departure, I already know I caught another in the traditional opportunity to describe the heroic stories, the traditional narrative is outdated, I can not reuse the year Everest Double Cross described the , rewarded 10 million
? it. Anyway, he has not live much longer. indelible impression.
In this context, Yuan Mu heart does not prove curiosity worth two. So Wood kept from the Shih-Chun old parents living in rural areas.
human beings have an extremely valuable quality - the unknown world of the ;, it is human understanding of nature's most powerful understanding of their original mental power. But not everyone has this quality. So, you may never convince someone to believe the mountain can not make any sense, you can get only their own feelings.
, of course, an obvious fact that climbers are not necessarily a composition by the fans.
Second, the fortune teller said that hh
1996 �� 9 12 afternoon, Korean Joint poor wood Kangri - cold cloth Kangri Expedition, breakdown of secondary school students and white sportswear at the venue on both sides. Sa Sa will be two of the sidelines of both visitors passing from their expedition to create an atmosphere of almost no sense.
there had been climbing the whole country in view of China Note, Celebration, the scene has gone. climbers China and the ROK is not very concerned about starting, 13, Friday? > I understand that climbers know that these words half joke, half true. in the captain Wang Yongfeng fortune teller forget the mother of a diagram, please. conclusion is: the go thousands of miles, will have gone through ups and downs, and ultimately be successful safe return in 1993, when Wang Yongfeng Zhu Mu Lang climbing, descending after a successful way to distress, and the base camp lost contact with up to 28 hours, frozen off several toes. that adventure frightened his mother.
13, Japanese and Korean members of the joint expedition of 30 climbers over the six men traveling in the off-road and a Bus from Beijing. expedition scheduled in 10 days: Anyang south - turn west Chuang Tongguan - arrived in Xianyang - the West Side Pingliang - more Liupanshan - Cross Lanzhou to Xining, Qinghai-Tibet line runs through the gravel along the vast desert, many Shiozawa the Qaidam Basin, off the southwest later, crossing the Kunlun Pass - five beams - spanning the Yangtze River source Tuotuohe - and then break Tanggula - across the grasslands of northern Tibet.
bolted after thousands of miles, may have time to Yangbajing Wash all the way hot dust, and then at or near the first target - the poor mother at the foot of hills camp. climbers was so known to go by land, I resolved to squeeze into the time-consuming and labor-intensive way to take this I later became a mystery to be uncovered.
three Tongguan nightmare
9 �� 13 morning, the expedition set out from Beijing, the first leg of the intended target - Anyang, Henan. Team a Shijiazhuang High-speed, poor road conditions on the up - narrow peak.
;
In fact, the But the climbing community has always been short of money. Therefore, in accordance with the joint to the sponsorship in kind, so six of modern off-road vehicles to offset the agreement should be out by the large amount of money.
gave this to cause trouble for China's Association board, large team of people in Tibet by car, plane tickets is saved, room and board expenses have increased along. And to the traffic situation in China today, the land will not only travel four thousand kilometers is too long, there are risks of long-distance traffic pouring the pressure involved.
14 �� 6 pm, expedition Tongguan arrived in Shaanxi, 210 State Road in front of a desperate tummy actually queues. thousands of vehicles from start to finish, the Tongguan - Mountain Valley at the foot of nearly 20 kilometers stuffing. local traffic police said that the dead dragon 13 at 14:00 on the surprise that the piece of queues longer. Driven to despair, I and the Chinese Mountaineering Team players Wang Yongfeng, Zhang Zhijian, wood Shi-Jun, Yuan Hongbo several people act as traffic police, began struggling to divert vehicles. valley thousands of cars The driver was trapped for two days and nights all gone temper, obedient to meet with us, hh
1996 can no longer be done in the spring, the economy in the province of Yunnan Sheng Tiwei log recruitment of two climbers TV ads, advertising, broadcast consecutive month, whatever the outcome, not afraid of death to five. Two great body boy - 27-year-old wood Shi-Jun, Yuan Hongbo, 25, was selected. and then they were sent to training bases in Beijing, China Mountaineering Association.
At this point, I also made up his mind to leave Guangzhou, once again become I've never been - Gangdise mountains, the target mm two virgin peaks.
mountain, for most Chinese people, has still a luxury, with money still does not work, you must also find a good walking stick , to follow the Chinese team into the mountains around old friends, this rare opportunity. And again I think we need to find a job much easier. Besides, I know, China in 1996, climbing movement in China has basically completed a major qualitative change, and I want to personally go to prove that it is a qualitative change.
before departure, I already know I caught another in the traditional heroes of the story describes the opportunities, the traditional narrative is obsolete, I do not might then depict two-year span Everest
one, rewarded 10 million
Universal Ganzhe Shi? He wins spot. anyway, he has not live much longer. hearts bears the indelible impression.
In this context, Yuan Mu curiosity to know only two did not prove worth curiosity. So Wood kept from the Shih-Chun old parents living in rural areas.
human beings have an extremely valuable quality - of the unknown ; curiosity received only their own feelings.
, of course, an obvious fact that climbers are not necessarily a composition by the fans.
expedition to the west, elevation gradually increased along the increasingly bleak. < br> 17 day expedition to the Da Xining. dinner is the count, suddenly found that employed by other units from the temporary driver Yang Jingqing gone. the original, the first one on the plateau Yang Jingqing altitude sickness appeared to Xining, not hello back to the hotel to lay down.
19 morning, after a day rest in Xining, the expedition set out at noon to enter the narrow basin. in this desert wasteland filled with gravel, and from east to west is covered with a known as the ; Kuafuzhuiri using over-kilometer Qinghai-Tibet line is very significant benefits to open truck, generally one way to get 6 thousand dollars a month, two more trips without too much problem. to earn the money and not everyone dares to earn. The result of Run Hill lost his life. request to go home. The 40 several of the man wiping away tears, said: because the rhetoric of the era too old. Three days later, he was sent down from the mountain.
Yang Jingqing gone, that night, I wrote in the diary: In China, the mountain was exaggerated movement of the expression of national will , now it's this feature is gone. This change is the desire and choice in many ordinary leaving a space, which makes it easier for you to see the colorful life, in fact, is derived from its complexity. in that dangerous environment, people are no longer so taboo in talking about their true motives, and basically in accordance with their true feelings to make a choice, this community greatly progressed.
the way into the mountains, the driver of the Chinese Mountaineering Association, Wang ugly child said to me: feel different, they are real. If you want to mountain climbing, and have the financial resources, or to catch a ride like me to go; If you can not stand the torture, you can also choose to set. However, for now poverty in mountaineering circles in China see chance to seize a mountain, much more difficult than down.
climbers participated in the activities of people know, every mountain activities are a story of the General Assembly. The Wang Yongfeng also told me revealed a buried long story: in 1995 during the Spring Festival, he and Li Zhixin to climb the South American peak of Aconcagua. Aconcagua in Argentina's scenic spots, each year thousands of foreign climbers to the mountain. climbers to the base camp of the The distance between the very long, to walk for three days. If you do not want to walk, you have to hire local people to travel pack donkeys. but the price of your travel ass too scary, actually be $ 2,000.
time with them Also from the North Star to the Bai Jianqiang. Baijian Jiang never been to high altitudes, carrying luggage on the road did not take long, they feel unable to stand, then begged hire donkeys to ride. Wang Yongfeng coaxed, the four legs The scary thing is too expensive, or Ting Ting it. wait for the white lords tired to cry, but can not cry, had shouted: fucking. Damn U.S.!
If the time to push to Everest in 1988 the day I, I will certainly give up these interest, because this is real life.
six, base camp, many people have heard a suspicious animal sounds, round and round and round the tent camp.
, finally give up the idea, to bad if that wild boar.
24 �� breakfast, a group of people sitting around and began a warm talk with in the end last night visited the headquarters of what is animal. Zhijian dye determined to declare a climate of fear, insisted that like a wild boar out of a Yak called no surprise. the. Who would have thought a few days later, one thing surprised me, I was with the an oddly shaped cast the net, I am very surprised that situation.
Gang at the poor mother did not seem wild boar, wolf hard to say whether there is a. in good Pu said, do be careful in Xixiabangma wolf mountain. One year he to Shishapangma, the camp killed a sheep, the sheep on the tent, the next day, raw sheep gone, leaving a string of wolf footprints on the snow. the same day, a first night will be translated into the mountains of acute last resort out of the tent comical hit the base camp.
in the mountains, many of these are available not only pass the time of the conversation, but also to create a steady stream of bizarre anecdotes In 1996, the mountain in my eyes have started to like the symphony of war evolved into an essay.
seven, fruit, then ignited moxa, sprinkle with roasted barley, a surge of white smoke rose curling, snow-capped mountains in the background was black and blue sky, constitute a particularly beautiful picture.
officially started mountaineering .
27 days, I came to the advance camp 5600 meters above sea level, on the case of new members and Shih-Chun Yuan Hongbo sadly wood height 200 meters from the large ice wall down.
Shih-Chun wood spirits yesterday, said he is also a large ice wall can not grasp the essentials on how, like a top spinning wildly unstable points. stupid thick wooden bit frustrating.
observed in the forward camp, the poor at home Gang more beautiful, in the Tibetan language, the mother Kangri dome means the camp is quite spectacular Bing Talin left and right in front of a large ice wall is imposing.
the Chinese team has two players in geological doctorate - Zhang Zhijian, Ma Xinxiang.
33-year-old Zhang Zhijian said that the avalanche zone, everything.
very rich mother Kangri dome shape of the peak of the rounded peaks, the visual impression is very gentle.
In Tibet, many peaks have . because the Chinese players do not like to They also wash basin, low is the Foot bathtub.
weather will be late, I went to the lake to fetch water for cooking, wooden cautioned that do not draw water in the lake directly, export to the bottom of the lake water overflow. Tibetan villagers reminded that God is the lake, direct water might damage the and nature so deep gulf, an important reason is that human nature has been lost due awe.
eight, play a very stimulating rat
climbing, sometimes very lonely.
28 day and night, a heavy snow, forcing the suspension of mountaineering activities. Mende tears of the camp staff have to find something to do nothing.
afternoon, Li Zhixin, Wang Yongfeng bored, come up with a way to pass the time - with the stream filling rat holes. Now Tibet's grasslands, most of the rat holes clouds, the fat mice looked very lovely too many in the grasslands a large landscape. Li and Wang first bucket irrigation efficiency is too low, that is not fun, but also recruited to the rat holes in the irrigation water hoses, and that hundreds of thousands of rat holes, almost all of them associated, where they can succeed. Li Zhixin refused Ganxiu, simply divert the stream, the direct use of stream water irrigation holes. I side Rao in the mood to watch them toss the afternoon, a prairie mice did not taking it every.
lonely, sometimes led to the discovery of particularly subtle. Morning Li Zhixin, said excitedly: The hole will be the morning frost. probably the first time in this life so sweet to eat climbing community officials to come to visit the barracks one after another.
9 30, South Korean television team equipment employed to prepare the forward pack yak camp. in good Pu remind each other, there is not a well-trained pack of yak cows, equipment or the people back safe. South Korean press did not seriously. yaks immediately fired back, jumped a pass arbitrary, thrown to the machine immediately, South Korean reporters Mianrutuse scared.
the mountain, many of China and the ROK ; mountaineering official Long Ren Zhechun visited the camp to move forward. potbellied Renzhe Chun walking in the rugged mountain road, still flamboyant place hands behind, and walked Fangbu. tired, sit down, accompanied by an immediate delivery of South Korean team of coffee, King cigarettes. smoke, if not smoked, he also accompanied by delivery team, accompanied by team members and then pumping pleasure, like to be touched by Xianqi.
Koreans so they Ren Zhechun to us president: students, he had served as president of South Korea Central University. At present business, we still have politicians. like mountains, but in any case not in the camp overnight, so the expedition from Lhasa during the day and sent a car to receive his base camp, then he returned to Lhasa in the evening five-star hotel.
the history of mountaineering in the world, so long toss back and forth of. the most money (reportedly $ 200,000 per year minimum) when the president and when not to pay, popular mountain in South Korea. However, South Korea mountain retreat of the decision or in the hands of an experienced mountaineer. The members of the Korean team is the first climbers from South Korea finished Zhang Feng selected. South Korean players on the money too, there are ten blocks of eight thousand meters mountain climbing experience, Zhang Feng finished, it can be said to be in awe.
last year, South Korea to prepare for joint mountaineering, Mount Everest in Qinghai jade training, two South Korean team drink fight, taekwondo master Zhang Feng five sections of the two end immediately all knocked to the ground, and put them in the primaries from the joint expedition off the list.
ten, snow mountain tomb monument
10 ��4, ad hoc decision to attack the United climbers summit, the result was the blizzard of failure. China and the ROK decided to rest the first assault, assault by a second upward movement, at an altitude of 6600 meters height to establish ��� camp.
10 ��5 morning, four South Korean players began to height of 6600 meters above sea level movement. That day is Saturday. 10:30, president of South Korea's high the mountains the situation calm, sunny home base is, so the Chinese camp who simply moved to the open air the Licensing Board. Although not play, but were attracted to gambling interest in the world of the Korean people, who crowd in the side Chinese gambling law - so, high-president of Xing and then concentrated bet, did not dare to watch the battle, and hurried up the The activity is in the Gangdese of Mt Kamiyama Gangrenboqi peak, is said to be a turn around Gangrenboqi peak sins washed away for 10 years, turn twice to wash away the life of sin, how many laps on the sub- you can go to heaven hh
ZHANG Xi-chen told me that he turned to give the mountain climbers in the hope to bring good luck.
the way to Tibet, I learned that Xi-Chen has repeatedly after treatment for the climbers of the victims things, so today decided to interview him.
1975, China carried out in the northern slope of Mount Everest climbing a large-scale activities, ZHANG Xi-chen is the first time that exposure to mountaineering activities in Tibet. Since then, he had more than a dozen views into the mountains.
1978, China and Iran who have been jointly adaptive climbing Everest. then a new shadow factory sent a man named Shi Ming Ji photographer, he went to the 5580 meters a heart attack on the spot death. mountaineers to the tall stone body carried back to camp next century cremation, cremation for this set up a three-team leader is Chenshang Ren, crew and Wang Xi-Chen is the ugly child. ZHANG Xi-chen said, the day the sun has not set, and we erected pyre, doused with gasoline, Shi Ming Ji is the big man, not burn burn morning. Later, we picked up a point of the ashes back in Beijing to open a memorial service.
1980, the Sino-Japanese climbing Mount Everest , Ube Japan, players out the way down from the height of 8200 meters Huazhui, has been thrown to 6800 meters, the whole body and broke all the bones, like a dough. the body was carried back to base camp, this is Xi-Chen, Wang and Chen Shangren three ugly child team composed of his cremation cremation. ZHANG Xi-chen said: ;
Xi-Chen Zhang, said he often dreamed of familiarity in the mountains of the dead. Now one was killed on the tension.
, however, did not deter the victims century, 20 years later by the rise of .20 Himalayan climbing fever not only in full swing, few people concerned about previous mountain climbing activities Gangdese started.
indeed, had never heard of what climbers want to , as long as the mountain to the snow as possible to the tomb, to the mountain for the monument.
Why climbing? To conquer nature? this concept has long been a market;
to become famous? This is certainly better than bare in the square safer left more effort sensation;
to make money? the world the vast majority of climbers, are to-pocket.
Why? Perhaps the only answer is a common human curiosity and great natural magic.
XI, a beautiful landscape
10 7th - surprise at.
3:00, the United climbers commander Li Zhixin has been up.
4 ʱ 20 points Chinese players Wang Yongfeng, La camp number two from the 6000 m peak of .6 to begin direct assault, the captain of China and the ROK began to call the 6600 meters, respectively, of the six commandos ��� camp. It was not until 8:00, III camps do not have any answer . Li Zhixin very nervous, how six people can not hear the call? he could not help but think of Meili Snow Mountain tragedy.
8 when 30 minutes, South Korea completed the first climb captain Feng Zhang and Three camps were connected to the walkie-talkie, when he learned Three South Korean team is not prepared by the mountain wind was furious after starting his walkie-talkie in one by one to three of South Korea called on the players to come sharply reprimanded.
At this point, Wang Yongfeng, Laba Camp III has arrived with the three convergence of the Chinese team members were found Camp III is indeed too much wind, the tent camp on the building ledge, standing outside in high winds when dangerous .8 40 points, base camp for the first time and they pass on the word, they reported that the mountain wind of seventy-eight, unable to move, if unoccupied tents have been blown.
windy hill, but the stronghold of observation, but it is blue skies, no wind that sign.
not call for two hours answer, worried about hanging lamps Li Zhixin very fast. Thereafter, III incredible camp fell into a long silence .10 points, Li Zhixin suddenly learned from the Koreans call, highlighting not proceed because the Chinese team was not ready, Li Zhixin suddenly fly into a rage on the walkie-talkie in called from: At this time the South Korean team meal is indeed in the other Chinese, and it is waiting for Wang Yongfeng. Wang Yongfeng morning departure going too fast, take the heat, and put the piece of leg zipper underwear pulled down. but went cold large wind bone air assassination, the zipper pull is also not on how. It was a nightmare, his leg wrapped in ice and snow stormed a tent camp III, trembling, stiffness of hands. Zhijian seeing this, that his own crotch, said not care so much, and you hand it to the plug, the only warm hh
headquarters staff totally unaware of this situation, Wang Yongfeng is furious about the do not want to explain. This has become the biggest day charades.
10 o'clock half, China and South Korea team finally set off, an eagle flew over the camp like a camel in front add to the fun, for a long time leisurely in the sky, which has twice landed ten meters away from us place, very confident we came close to taking pictures.
Since then, the while listening to a report on progress commandos, while holding high-powered telescope rotation spot situation, in the bright snow on the slope of the assault team moving slowly, just like a small black ant queue. commandos progressing well , base camp staff feel more relaxed, drinking tea tea, coffee coffee, there are people sipping beer, watching TV drama leisurely a beautiful landscape, rich romantic stronghold Liu Yizhuo.
that day, China and South Korea nine players (five Chinese) hand in hand on board the poor mother of Okazaki peak.
second, half a matchmaker
10 12, bid farewell to the expedition, like adventure too.
but this mountain, the Chinese team seems destined to only as Tashi also because of finger frostbite team can not continue to .10 14 May, China and South Korea to reach the second goal of the Allied Expeditionary Force - Cold Bugang at the foot of the peak the next day, the Tibetan mountains La reconnaissance team has a sprained foot. a series of attrition, the Chinese power greatly reduced.
cold Bugang at mid-mountain peak in the Gangdise also Gangdise mountain peak, the Mountain dangerous situation. accompanied the expedition ... Saga Prefecture
Sunday, February 13, 2011
Top grade men
First, the character:
actively create life, adaptable, have good human relations, and very gentle lover, very self-
should have a strong faith and moral values;
II Health:
including physical health and mental health, the first features to be correct, the sound should be pleasant, better hair, mouth to clean, the legs should be straight, tall, at least in 176CM ~ 185CM between the appearance should be clean, which is to give people the visual beauty a prerequisite, ejaculate volume should reach 5ml, scientific tests, that this is the most direct expression of prostate health, the body should be about perfect symmetry, vision is better, there must be a balance of muscle strength, we must have a healthy social ties;
three humor:
familiar words, women should be elegant and humorous man, from a person's sense of humor can be a unique taste of the wit, the man's humor is like a spring, flowing water of wisdom to demonstrate the charm, so that Women always want to try it holding a;
four, wealth:
man is not necessarily a successful man, but men have wealth, and wealth from men like to do their own cause, this is a sign of intelligence, so that he will put life and have a happy feeling, I think, wife, children, family life is a man to operate a good business!
five balance:
work and life balance, career and family balance, the balance of the outside world and self.
balance principle to grasp how people in the case of intense work, all know how to adjust their pace of life, how to savor the flavor and fun in life, maintain a relaxed attitude and demeanor. almost as a measure of the success of the greatest men the standard of today, the imbalance of the life is like a beautiful plastic bonsai, the appearance of the landscape and then the United States, can not cover up the back of the rough;
six, there must be conservation:
in the male role of a lifetime which, inevitably affected by the psychological pressure of competition, but also more vulnerable to mental health problems. But they will change their attitude to face the competition and pressure, understand the self- vent;
seven, to have literary talent:
genius and beauty since ancient times, > eight, grace:
I have always believed that grace is a kind of innate temperament, a man's grace not only in bold and resolute, but the performance is the wisdom of humility and patience;
IX backbone :
represents a spirit of calm and generous, to have a certain emotional principles of love to be responsible, do not have to re-word promise, even if he is a full-time husband, without losing a man's character, if the spirit of a man has collapsed, the appearance of any event the United States are , top grade men's gesture of love, albeit more colorful, but without a happy family, he is a total failure of man.
actively create life, adaptable, have good human relations, and very gentle lover, very self-
should have a strong faith and moral values;
II Health:
including physical health and mental health, the first features to be correct, the sound should be pleasant, better hair, mouth to clean, the legs should be straight, tall, at least in 176CM ~ 185CM between the appearance should be clean, which is to give people the visual beauty a prerequisite, ejaculate volume should reach 5ml, scientific tests, that this is the most direct expression of prostate health, the body should be about perfect symmetry, vision is better, there must be a balance of muscle strength, we must have a healthy social ties;
three humor:
familiar words, women should be elegant and humorous man, from a person's sense of humor can be a unique taste of the wit, the man's humor is like a spring, flowing water of wisdom to demonstrate the charm, so that Women always want to try it holding a;
four, wealth:
man is not necessarily a successful man, but men have wealth, and wealth from men like to do their own cause, this is a sign of intelligence, so that he will put life and have a happy feeling, I think, wife, children, family life is a man to operate a good business!
five balance:
work and life balance, career and family balance, the balance of the outside world and self.
balance principle to grasp how people in the case of intense work, all know how to adjust their pace of life, how to savor the flavor and fun in life, maintain a relaxed attitude and demeanor. almost as a measure of the success of the greatest men the standard of today, the imbalance of the life is like a beautiful plastic bonsai, the appearance of the landscape and then the United States, can not cover up the back of the rough;
six, there must be conservation:
in the male role of a lifetime which, inevitably affected by the psychological pressure of competition, but also more vulnerable to mental health problems. But they will change their attitude to face the competition and pressure, understand the self- vent;
seven, to have literary talent:
genius and beauty since ancient times, > eight, grace:
I have always believed that grace is a kind of innate temperament, a man's grace not only in bold and resolute, but the performance is the wisdom of humility and patience;
IX backbone :
represents a spirit of calm and generous, to have a certain emotional principles of love to be responsible, do not have to re-word promise, even if he is a full-time husband, without losing a man's character, if the spirit of a man has collapsed, the appearance of any event the United States are , top grade men's gesture of love, albeit more colorful, but without a happy family, he is a total failure of man.
Friday, February 11, 2011
Why do not you let other people to adapt to meet your people (2)
Zhang Meng few months of marriage to her husband got a divorce just a little ridiculous reasons, just because her husband love to eat salty, and she finds much salt is unhealthy to want to change the light a little taste of his . result, every meal, all this bickering, and her husband began to not eat at home. To make her husband home for dinner, she withheld her husband's wages. and then later, her husband filed for divorce.
Everyone is an independent entity, even a naive child, it will not grow as you wish. So do not listen to you because if they do not worry about unbearable, even if the other party is your husband or child, you They have no right and ability to fully adapt you. learn to respect each other's personality and, when necessary, to change their adapt to each other.
a woman accustomed to squeezing toothpaste from the tail end, and her husband can not do this often point, for which she was often quarreling with her husband, and later the more intense the more noisy, the final divorce agreement. This sounds almost incredible, but it is a fact. If we get married before they know the different ways of squeezing toothpaste may make us putting out the fire of love, we will use the time for a minute or two to reach a consensus on this issue, and then to marriage hall. And calm down and think about it relative to what they have eachother's love, it is a negligible small thing, why can not you compromise a little? or simply squeeze every morning to give him a good toothpaste?
, of course, meet other people, not submissive obedience, not to lose their personality to the cost. Take us with the boss example is the relationship, since we chose this boss, and hope something here, you should go to meet the boss, the boss can not be expected to adapt to us. But why have so many people kept complaining about the boss, and then stop hopping?
This involves the problem of how to adapt, some people in order to please the boss, no matter what the boss said all nodded yes, not that their own minds, then this can only be called blind loyalty and loyalty not wisdom, the boss will naturally not reuse a blind obedience of the people. In fact, the real adaptation does not to help the boss to reach the right decisions for the benefit of their own with the implementation. not blind obedience, not only to work for the boss to please, but do with the implementation of decisions made more perfect, this is really the boss accountable to themselves.
trying to reform others, let others adapt to you, will only cause resentment of others. a wise man, will the overall situation, such as better cooperation in order to reduce conflicts and for the common well-being, the principle will be in some non-issue, to compromise and change themselves to adapt to others.
Everyone has the desire to dominate others, because everyone in the subconscious hope that their role is influential. However, any reform to adapt their behavior to others can only end in failure. no one will like, like clay figurines us, that we casually pinch, we can control only their own. If you can not change others, change it yourself!
Everyone is an independent entity, even a naive child, it will not grow as you wish. So do not listen to you because if they do not worry about unbearable, even if the other party is your husband or child, you They have no right and ability to fully adapt you. learn to respect each other's personality and, when necessary, to change their adapt to each other.
a woman accustomed to squeezing toothpaste from the tail end, and her husband can not do this often point, for which she was often quarreling with her husband, and later the more intense the more noisy, the final divorce agreement. This sounds almost incredible, but it is a fact. If we get married before they know the different ways of squeezing toothpaste may make us putting out the fire of love, we will use the time for a minute or two to reach a consensus on this issue, and then to marriage hall. And calm down and think about it relative to what they have eachother's love, it is a negligible small thing, why can not you compromise a little? or simply squeeze every morning to give him a good toothpaste?
, of course, meet other people, not submissive obedience, not to lose their personality to the cost. Take us with the boss example is the relationship, since we chose this boss, and hope something here, you should go to meet the boss, the boss can not be expected to adapt to us. But why have so many people kept complaining about the boss, and then stop hopping?
This involves the problem of how to adapt, some people in order to please the boss, no matter what the boss said all nodded yes, not that their own minds, then this can only be called blind loyalty and loyalty not wisdom, the boss will naturally not reuse a blind obedience of the people. In fact, the real adaptation does not to help the boss to reach the right decisions for the benefit of their own with the implementation. not blind obedience, not only to work for the boss to please, but do with the implementation of decisions made more perfect, this is really the boss accountable to themselves.
trying to reform others, let others adapt to you, will only cause resentment of others. a wise man, will the overall situation, such as better cooperation in order to reduce conflicts and for the common well-being, the principle will be in some non-issue, to compromise and change themselves to adapt to others.
Everyone has the desire to dominate others, because everyone in the subconscious hope that their role is influential. However, any reform to adapt their behavior to others can only end in failure. no one will like, like clay figurines us, that we casually pinch, we can control only their own. If you can not change others, change it yourself!
Thursday, February 10, 2011
Introduction Sniper (sniper) and through the ages
Ranking of World War II Sniper
Finland, simo hyh
known as on March 6 by another sniper dumdum bullets hit the Soviets withdrew from the face combat. From this point, it really is the strongest sniper war showdown between the shooter. Simon been in close oblique bomb wounded broken jaw.
Top
Simo Hayha snipers of World War II Finland 542
Ivan Sidorenko 500
Nikolay Yakovlevich Ilyin Soviet Union, Soviet Union, Soviet Union, 496
Kulbertinov 487
Mikhail Budenkov the Soviet Union. 437
Fyodor Matveevich Okhlopkov the Soviet Union. 429
Fyodor Djachenko 425
Vasilij Ivanovich Golosov the Soviet Union Soviet Union Soviet Union 422
Afanasy Gordienko 417
Stepan Petrenko 412
Erwin Konig the Soviet Union, Germany 400
Vasili Zaitsev 400
Semen D. Nomokonov Soviet Union, Soviet Union, 367
Abdukhani Idrisov 349
Philipp Yakovlevich Rubaho Soviet Union, Soviet Union, 346
Matthias Hetzenauer 345
Victor Ivanovich Medvedev Germany, the Soviet Union 331
E. Nicolaev 324
Leonid Yakovlevich Butkevich the Soviet Union Soviet Union 315
Lyudmila M. Pavlichenko (F) 309
Alexander Pavlovich Lebedev Soviet Union Soviet Union Soviet Union 307
Ivan Pavlovich Gorelikov 305
Ivan Petrovich Antonov 302
Heinz Soviet Union Thorvald Germany 300
Gennadij Iosifovich Velichko 300
Moisej Timofeyevich Usik the Soviet Union Soviet Union 300
Nataly V. Kovshova &
Maria Polivanova (Female team) 300
Ivan Filippovich Abdulov Soviet Union, Soviet Union, 298
Yakov Mikhajlovich Smetnev 279
Zhambyl Evscheyevich Tulaev Soviet Union, Soviet Union, Germany, 262
Sepp Allerberger 257
Fyodor Kuzmich Chegodaev 250
Ivan Ivanovich Bocharov Soviet Union, the Soviet Union. 248
Mikhail Ignatievich Belousov Soviet Union 245
David Teboevich Doev 226
Vasilij Shalvovich Kvachantiradze Soviet Union, Soviet Union, 215
Mikhail Stepanovich Sokhin 202
Noj Petrovich Adamia Soviet Union, Soviet Union, 200
Feodosy Smeljachkov 125
I. Merkulov Soviet Union Soviet Union Soviet Union 125 125
H. Andruhaev
Sgt. Passar 103
VN Pchelintsev Soviet Union, Soviet Union 102
Aliya Moldagulova (F) Soviet Union 91
Lidiya Gudovanceva (F) 76
Helmut Wirnsberger Soviet Union, Germany, the Soviet Union 57 64
P. Grjaznov
dumdum all know it, burst hh
Sniper (Sniper) before and after the word from the 1773 British soldiers stationed in India, a game, where soldiers often kill a taxi
Ming Jiaosha Cone Bird (Snipe) the agile bird. because this bird is very difficult to hit, so long this road is called a sniper. Later, sniper formal name for a professional sniper. true in the modern sense Sniper is now the beginning of World War I, when German soldiers freely choose a sniper, most of them with the background of hunters and forest rangers, two lines of what the British and French troops and Russian forces caused great destruction. To this end, In the end of the war, the British set up a special anti-sniper sniper school to train qualified personnel.
Generally, snipers are divided into two: one is received sniper training, complete with formal formal establishment of the sniper, the other One is the temporary selection of a gun during the war and accurate shooter. For a sniper, the strong body and iron will is the essential prerequisite for the good quality of it is just basic marksmanship. for the sniper training, in addition to urging the implementation of the concept and master the sniper weapon system, including how to calculate the differential impact of wind and range, potential road to learn to select tactical maneuver routes, and build firing positions, concealed access and withdrawal positions, observation and find hidden targets. sniper must be good at observing the theater, to determine the position of suspicious sounds good at the use of artificial and natural camouflage materials, able to quickly maneuver, with the ability to endure long hours incubation. In addition, snipers also need to accurately interpret maps and aerial photos of the capacity of the battlefield, which often can help sniper quickly and safely enter and exit positions and battlefield.
for in the wild withdrawal routes, evacuation plans and safe even before early developed into a good position.
great role in the war sniper
goal is not just anti-each other's personnel, in fact, they often can play a normal the role of infantry tactics can not be achieved. For example, members of the tank by snipers, tanks, periscope and communications equipment to the loss of fire fighting; can be delayed by damage to key equipment for operations such as enemy bases. In addition, similar to the ammunition depot , oil library, the headquarters and other weak links are very vulnerable to snipers, tactical high-value targets.
as the German Wehrmacht in World War II record in the first place snipers shot Matthias. Noel Wendy and his recorded as 345 killed. He has said that measuring a sniper's success is not how many people he killed, but rather how he can cause effects on the enemy. snipers killed enemy if officers are often able to defeat the enemy's attack. World War II, Soviet sniper tactics fully aware of the value and be promoted. In the battle of Stalingrad, the Soviet snipers that German troops had a great fear for the morale of German troops from combat to an important role. According to statistics, during World War II, killing a soldier average to 2.5 million rounds of ammunition. the Vietnam War soldier to be killed on average every 20 million rounds of ammunition, a sniper in the same period, however, has an average of only 1.3 Development needs.
a sniper is not only a war can only influence the development of, and sometimes can change the course of history. in the North American War of Independence, the British army, Patrick. Colonel Ferguson attacks on the establishment and development initiatives hand are known as the Continental Army was the British colonial army in the most dangerous forces. Ferguson himself is a renowned sniper, but that he was renowned for his famous Germanic near the city Ferguson was on target at 125 yards of a U.S. military officer, as the officer turned to leave, Ferguson may be due to a gentleman with no shot to his back. He could have changed throughout history, because they were aimed at the person he is leading the United States independent George. Washington. The irony is that Ferguson himself was in October 1780 by the Continental Army of the Kentucky rifle at 450 yards on the hand of death, to surrender his troops After the British general Kanghua Li was forced to abandon the general attack against North Carolina. In contrast, the October 7, 1777, the North American Continental Army in Kentucky, a sniper rifle team in Saratoga Murphy Battle led his unit killed the British general reconnaissance Simon. Frayser general. Frayser direct impact on the situation of the war dead, leading to the British general John. Berg bankruptcy due to the breakout program, became the Battle of Saratoga turning point of the North American War of Independence. In a sense, the sniper shot Murphy in human history, perhaps the most weight bullet.
attacks requires constant training and experience accumulated since the second
Since World War II, the training of snipers little change: a sniper's basic training for 6 weeks. at this time of the convention can be traced back to World War II, when the sniper instructors typically come from front-line troops, they In the sniper to stay at least 6 weeks after the school often have to return to the front. In contrast, sniper guns and equipment changes have been rapid, especially in view of pointing device, all the way from the development of optical aiming devices to the concept of infrared aiming devices and low light level .
modern sniper task generally done in teams, usually including a sniper and an observer, which sometimes is the second sniper. Generally speaking, in addition to the necessary sniper rifle, the sniper hand equipment can also include pistols, camouflage clothing, camouflage paint, binoculars, radio communication equipment, infrared or night vision devices, maps, compass, and food. In order to maintain a long latent hidden most of the snipers use the water bag and straw, or even liquid high-calorie foods. World War II German sniper with the highest kill record Matthias. Wendy and Noel said that a sniper must always single-minded, not to serve in addition to attacks outside the task. WWII German sniper kill record is second to Allan Berg, that calm, confidence and courage are the essential qualities of a good sniper. how to measure and correct the trajectory of firearms, how to master shooting need time to accumulate experience and continuous training.
two effective anti-sniper tactics
According to reports, in 1994, the first Chechen war, the Chechen illegal armed snipers on the city of Grozny, Russian forces entered caused significant destruction. just 131 Russian tour in 3 days on the loss of nearly 800 people and 20 tanks, 102 armored vehicles. According to statistics, in the second Chechen war, Russian 80% of the casualties is still Chechen rebel sniper by the result. for the attacks on the troops, usually suspicious of the fire suppression position to interfere with sniper fire, and rapidly approaching the enemy, to find the sniper. looking for enemy snipers method including through the gunfire, the dynamic of plants and animals, the injection angle of the bullet, and even speculation that the enemy may use to determine the favorable terrain.
, of course, the best way to deal with enemy snipers are deployed snipers on one's own the hunt. In order to counter the German snipers during World War I British military snipers opened the first school .1955 m1956 years, the U.S. Army Infantry Training School set up a training camp striker, which is the U.S. military attack hand, the predecessor of the school. the school's training articles include: The best way to deal with enemy snipers are assigned to another well-trained snipers. for sniper tactics, the discovery of goals is an important part of . snipers hunting each other, there is a way to track known as SLLS that stop (stop), observe (look), listen (listen), smell (smell), is constantly aware of its purpose may be being watched you, and not to expose themselves rashly.
sniper brings fear is not death, but the thing is that even when the dead do not know the word
sharpshooter first use in English in 1802, it first appeared in a series of British Army military dictionary, used to call the Austrian infantry units. until the 1810s, sharpshooter already had GM. Meanwhile, sharpshooter the word was spelled sharp shooter, sharp and keen to describe people meaning. sharp shooter is of keen, accurate shooter; if terms from other languages, German is Scharfschutze, French is tireur drelite, meaning more clearly. should be translated into Chinese In modern usage, the also disguise, stealth, reconnaissance and special training of the shooter, etc., requiring more than normal at the assassination of people sneaking, it is not very fair and square, so the word has praised a derogatory meaning, the audience can not see the idea. As the negative impression of people, so the foreign security units have traditionally been under the striker said they are began to accept the When Achilles invincible swagger around in front of Troy, from the wall, I do not know that was a Cold Arrow corner shot, shot him in the ankle Vital.
of course, do not have to gun for sniper , but in general usage, mainly closely related with modern firearms.
in the early development of the history of firearms, there are very important with attacks on two inventions, one rifle, the other is aiming device .
the first line in the shell leaving the barrel wall is pulled in 1498 in Vienna Caspar Kollner, but his rifle is a straight two lines, should be used to speed up the loading speed, rather than used to improve accuracy. real use of spiral Rifle is believed to be in the 1500 to 1520, the in today Germany's Nuremberg area began; now saved the first one had rifled gun was in 1544 in the Swiss-made, existing in Zurich museum.
As for the target device, roughly the same before and after the 1500 invention, is the most basic of sight, according to the door with. With the rifle and aiming devices, greatly improving shooting accuracy, up to 200 meters away. It is said that sixteen century, the famous painter and inventor Leonardo da Vinci (Leonardo Da Vinci) who came with a homemade rifle Florence wall, aimed at enemy siege fired a shot, hit 300 meters an enemy soldier outside.
since the sixteenth century, the former bore rifle in Central Europe (today's Germany and Austria) began a large number of applications, the kind of rifle was known as the jaeger, the barrel is short, mainly used in hunting and competition on. to 1567, the Zurich and Bern, Switzerland, organized by region has always used a rifle shooting competition, shooting a fashion that has spread quickly throughout Europe.
At that time all over the princes of Germany's main income is the export mercenaries, who provided military service in Europe, is equipped with It is that jaeger rifles, these German mercenaries, also known as jaeger. However, the use of rifle with the rifle when the warhead must be closely engaged and the same can not be used as the musket barrel diameter smaller than the diameter of the projectile, the muzzle-loading rifle is very difficult and time consuming. for the sake of keeping a lot of firepower, the regular forces of all countries still with a shotgun, only a few avant-garde forces (skirmisher) was equipped with rifles.
early development in the United States, some immigrants moved to America to Central Europe and settled in Pennsylvania area, jaeger also will spread to America . Since reclamation, hunting, self-defense needs, jaeger become an indispensable tool. After the improvement of pioneers, smaller caliber, barrel extension, plus stock, also soaked in oil warheads with a cloth or leather bag muzzle-loading on the benefit. This is the famous Kentucky rifle origin (the name has to be to settle down until 1812, when Kentucky is a pioneering outpost).
the American Revolution (1775-1780)
the beginning of the American Revolution, the United States Continental Congress adopted a bill to recruit 10 to assist in the fight with rifles hand, is one of the most famous Captain Morgan (Col. Daniel Morgan) led the rifle hand (Morganrs Riflemen). Because of their familiar with the wilderness environment, the use of the terrain and have special expertise, as auxiliary forces in combat, specifically to disrupt the British officers and the ranks of Fuying Jun. of their firing range about between 200-400 yards, with the then muskets, war is usually in the 80 yards from the British regular troops, such is as the flesh in general. but also because they are freely used, and often do not listen to military orders bound themselves to slip out of the British Open a few shots , the U.S. military commander in the tactical use is very difficult. as General Washington's perception of them is not how good, have said they are more like a contagious plague and not useful resources (an asset .may be said to be in the very back luck. British Army Colonel Han format (Col. George Hanger) Colonel in 1814, wrote such a passage:
many of them bad), can hit 80 yards outside of the humanoid target, or even 100 yards; but if a soldier is the enemy at 150 yards with a common aim with his gun and wounded, then he really is a very unlucky a; As usual want to use a gun who shot 200 yards away, then you might as well shoot to the moon, both the opportunity to hit the target are the same. the British also hired to help fight the German jaeger. These jaeger rifle troops of the U.S. general posing a great threat, but due to the short range guns, or hand unable to deal with Kentucky rifles.
blessing to Kentucky Gunners hit in the war of independence Strike two most famous achievements. First, in June 1777 Battle of Saratoga (Battle of Saratoga), the shot at 300 yards the British Simon? Faure color General (Gen. Simon Fraser), shattered the British commander in chief John? Berger because (Gen. John Burgoyne) Breakthrough program, resulting in thousands of British troops from Canada south to surrender. This victory not only greatly inspired the colonial people and affected the French are still waiting to see. The original French government and lobbying in Paris at that time were reported in Franklin looked down upon, ignore the game which after the victory of Versailles to open the door for him right away . Finally, the United States and France signed a treaty of alliance, the French sent naval war against the British.
Another victim was a British Ferguson Captain (Capt. Patrick Ferguson, was promoted to major). he himself is also a sharpshooter, the Kentucky rifle early in the war's success, his painstaking research and design a new type of rifle, not only accurate but also a breech-loading, the maximum rate of fire 6 rounds per minute, the effective range of 200 yards or more, performance and rate of fire are far than muskets. his rifle more advanced level of technology far beyond the contemporary standard.
to the British in 1776 he demonstrated his new top gun, causing great interest in them, producing a 100 guns, and so he recruited to form a wearing a green army uniform, a light infantry company (Light Company) to the Americas operations. his first battle in the 1777 Battle of Brandywine (Battle of Brandywine), the U.S. military played a large lost. In The campaign, he also aimed a 125 yards away is the U.S. military officer riding, probably because of the gentleman behind the officer he did not shoot, not knowing that the officer was in Washington! This is the famous other units, he later failed to re-form. Finally, in 1780 the Battle of Kings Mountain he was shot and killed a Kentucky rifle hand, after the death of his new rifle also will be annihilation. historical moment is really regrettable .
Napoleonic Wars (1792-1815)
in the mid-18th century, most of continental Europe has been established avant-garde forces with rifles, one of the most well-known German jaeger addition, there are French The voltigeur and chasseur, when the war between the States and France after the outbreak in 1792, they played a great function.
1799, the Russian war in Switzerland and France. Russian blockade of a battery, a French must pass through an important mountain pass, if the French army to the front sights on it, simply in the narrow mountain road is not open to display only killed for nothing. At this time the Swiss in the French army of volunteers to bring their rifles from the Russian submarine Army artillery about 400 yards, in just a few minutes, all the gunners killed or injured, cheap UGG boots, the French do not charge a single soldier on the back of the passes.
in European countries, only British military rifles do not use a little attention, although during the Revolutionary War in the United States and Deficient eat rifles, and did not learn lessons .1799 year, a British landing operations in the Netherlands, in France rifle under the heavy casualties, are still unrepentant. even in the 1805 Battle of Cape Trafalgar, on the flagship Sniper injured, in pain and die happy intertwined.
later, the British finally remedy the situation, but also recruited a battalion of rifles hand, designation is the sixty-fifth Infantry battalion, members of the majority are of German descent the jaeger. and then also set up a rifle the famous ninety-fifth regiment, in Ilya Peninsula (Spain) to play a significant operational functions. ninety-fifth group is characterized by a rifle wearing a dark green uniforms, unlike the British regular army of bright red. most of them as avant-garde work, to fight against the French army officer, in the French army caused great casualties.
American Civil War (1861-1865) < br> 1849, the French army Captain Claude-Etienne Minie invented the end of a concave hole bomb warheads, the gas will be when the bullet fired through the bottom of the concave hole stretch warheads, with the barrel of the rifle bite; way, bullet diameter than the bore diameter can do little to solve the muzzle loading rifles difficult issues. to the American Civil War, almost all Western countries have all changed with the first bore rifle with detonators (rifle-musket) the.
Northern Army during the Civil War, Colonel Bo Dan (Col. Hiram Berdan, the future promotion of Brigadier General) in 1861, recruited two groups shooter (Berdanrs Regiments of Sharpshooters). They are the infantry units, primarily as a main force avant-garde, occasionally used as snipers. in the recently established, they use their own rifles or muzzle the dispensing wheel Colt rifle, only to have to use Sharps 1862 (Sharps) single breech rifles.
Christine? Sharps (Christian Sharps) in the fall of 1848 designed a type of breech locking device, to be his future after the bore rifle range basis. After several improvements, his 1859 design type used by the U.S. federal troops, as is the breech loading, in particular by the cavalry and the avant-garde forces welcome. United States Army during the war the North purchased a total of over 80,000 branches of Sharps Support Sharps carbine rifle and 9 thousand; the Yugoslav Army is concerned, although not to buy, but also set up factories in their own copy. In war, the Sharps rifle bullet to the use of metal shells, are still active in the western frontier regions, in hunting bison especially popular among hunters. It is said that even to the Korean War, is responsible for guarding prisoners of war in the Indian Army troops were still there with Sharps rifles.
Some say that the so-called sharpshooter is due to the use of the North Army marksman Sharp rifle from Sri Lanka, which of course, incorrectly relay an erroneous view. In addition to that of the sharpshooter in front of the word back in the early 19th century had already seen, another evidence Bodan recruiting poster that year. In August 1861 in a The poster said: The striker, rather than starting from scratch training. is to require minimum standards for the recruitment of 200 yards firing 10 rounds, hair hair must fall within the 10-inch diameter circle. rather special place is that they have begun to use camouflage, the uniform of the body Army North is dark green instead of blue uniform standard. Because it is the relationship between avant-garde, they are generally prepared by the above company level to meet the enemy, engagement, usually from 400 yards in the following; to carry out attacks on individuals the opportunity to man relatively less, but a record number of victories.
Army sniper in the South did not open as big as the North's military establishment, the shortage of resources were more in the south, sniper rifles used by the UK illegally imported The most famous is the Kerr (Kerr) and the benefits Chillingworth (Whitworth) these two rifles. The two guns are muzzle charge, fitted with optical sight range of up to twelve hundred yards after the above particularly among the most accurate rifles Hui Chillingworth, the names of several sniper rifles are Chillingworth with benefits in the seven or eight hundred yards completed. Because these guns expensive rare (one year to benefit Chillingworth asking price $ 500 rifles, a Sharps rifle Northern Army for $ 43, if the average soldier is allotted the first bore rifle, cheaper, less than $ 20), the Yugoslav Army, only thousands of players can be selected as a shooting sniper, usually not in a few people in the military.
Although the small number of Yugoslav Army snipers, but very brilliant victories; they do not serve as general service, on the battlefield freely and to choose the most effective sniper position . Throughout the Civil War, at least three army generals in South North of these long-range military sniper victims, casualties in the other junior officers, and many more. even Lincoln himself was targeted in the inspection of the battlefield, although he escaped a difficult, but was hit his retinue.
addition to dealing with personnel goals, two sniper artillery also favorite targets. At that time, the lack of communication method, still have to use direct visual artillery fire, with the location can not be too far away from the enemy lines, usually in the 700,800 yards outside. a good sniper gun coupled with a good, often can not allow the gunner to muzzle-loading (at the time were muzzle guns), sometimes even mobile gun emplacements are not. So long as the artillery was a sniper found traces of the enemy (then still using black powder, shooting will produce a lot of white smoke), usually immediately turned around the muzzle, the sniper near the H a pulpy.
fact, to equipment, the Sharps rifle breech the advantages are obvious. First of all, the gun breech under almost any position can be filled, the cavalry is not a problem in the immediate use of infantry if more can be lying or kneeling position after hiding covert filling, it is convenient for snipers; if the former bore rifles, the soldiers must be vertical loading, the target exposed to too much, can not be used immediately.
In addition, breech loading very fast little mistakes, and if a problem is easy to troubleshooting. muzzle loading gun complicated procedures, although from the 18th century have been used to facilitate the loading of ammunition wrapped, the entire procedure or faster it up. 1834 when the British Army before the test bore gun using detonators when records show that even skilled soldiers, but also per-minute rate of fire three rounds; this is no fighting in the results under pressure. In actual combat, due to various factors , two rounds per minute can be maintained even if the good. Also, soldiers in the occasion of confusion on the battlefield is prone to error. One of the most common mistake is to forget to pass, after filling out the barrel section, a pull the trigger, cleaning rod do not know where to go fly, they can not be filled.
Another common mistake is not in a hurry between warheads mistakenly inserted into the first gun powder, resulting in no bullets, the soldiers can only exit to the back of the ranks slowly warheads dug out. Is it still the foresight, many soldiers in the battle simply forget that they have no shot, no bullets have also not clear, often repeated loading, the results of course, worse. in 1863 After the Battle of Gettysburg Union Army clean up the battlefield, that left two soldiers on the battlefield 37,574 rifles, the barrel there are 24,000 sticks of bullets, including one with 6,000 warheads, warheads mistakenly plug the two There are 12,000 sticks, stuffed 3-10 with 6,000 warheads, the highest record is stuffed with a gun in the 23 warheads, is called the genius of the world out of handwriting.
Boer War (1899-1901) < br> to the Boer War, the warring sides have started to use a modern bolt rifle bolt. the British are using a .303-inch Lee? Enfield rifle (Lee-Enfield rifle), who use the name Pol The Mauser rifle (Mauser rifle).
Mauser rifle shooting in the quasi-long ...
Finland, simo hyh
known as on March 6 by another sniper dumdum bullets hit the Soviets withdrew from the face combat. From this point, it really is the strongest sniper war showdown between the shooter. Simon been in close oblique bomb wounded broken jaw.
Top
Simo Hayha snipers of World War II Finland 542
Ivan Sidorenko 500
Nikolay Yakovlevich Ilyin Soviet Union, Soviet Union, Soviet Union, 496
Kulbertinov 487
Mikhail Budenkov the Soviet Union. 437
Fyodor Matveevich Okhlopkov the Soviet Union. 429
Fyodor Djachenko 425
Vasilij Ivanovich Golosov the Soviet Union Soviet Union Soviet Union 422
Afanasy Gordienko 417
Stepan Petrenko 412
Erwin Konig the Soviet Union, Germany 400
Vasili Zaitsev 400
Semen D. Nomokonov Soviet Union, Soviet Union, 367
Abdukhani Idrisov 349
Philipp Yakovlevich Rubaho Soviet Union, Soviet Union, 346
Matthias Hetzenauer 345
Victor Ivanovich Medvedev Germany, the Soviet Union 331
E. Nicolaev 324
Leonid Yakovlevich Butkevich the Soviet Union Soviet Union 315
Lyudmila M. Pavlichenko (F) 309
Alexander Pavlovich Lebedev Soviet Union Soviet Union Soviet Union 307
Ivan Pavlovich Gorelikov 305
Ivan Petrovich Antonov 302
Heinz Soviet Union Thorvald Germany 300
Gennadij Iosifovich Velichko 300
Moisej Timofeyevich Usik the Soviet Union Soviet Union 300
Nataly V. Kovshova &
Maria Polivanova (Female team) 300
Ivan Filippovich Abdulov Soviet Union, Soviet Union, 298
Yakov Mikhajlovich Smetnev 279
Zhambyl Evscheyevich Tulaev Soviet Union, Soviet Union, Germany, 262
Sepp Allerberger 257
Fyodor Kuzmich Chegodaev 250
Ivan Ivanovich Bocharov Soviet Union, the Soviet Union. 248
Mikhail Ignatievich Belousov Soviet Union 245
David Teboevich Doev 226
Vasilij Shalvovich Kvachantiradze Soviet Union, Soviet Union, 215
Mikhail Stepanovich Sokhin 202
Noj Petrovich Adamia Soviet Union, Soviet Union, 200
Feodosy Smeljachkov 125
I. Merkulov Soviet Union Soviet Union Soviet Union 125 125
H. Andruhaev
Sgt. Passar 103
VN Pchelintsev Soviet Union, Soviet Union 102
Aliya Moldagulova (F) Soviet Union 91
Lidiya Gudovanceva (F) 76
Helmut Wirnsberger Soviet Union, Germany, the Soviet Union 57 64
P. Grjaznov
dumdum all know it, burst hh
Sniper (Sniper) before and after the word from the 1773 British soldiers stationed in India, a game, where soldiers often kill a taxi
Ming Jiaosha Cone Bird (Snipe) the agile bird. because this bird is very difficult to hit, so long this road is called a sniper. Later, sniper formal name for a professional sniper. true in the modern sense Sniper is now the beginning of World War I, when German soldiers freely choose a sniper, most of them with the background of hunters and forest rangers, two lines of what the British and French troops and Russian forces caused great destruction. To this end, In the end of the war, the British set up a special anti-sniper sniper school to train qualified personnel.
Generally, snipers are divided into two: one is received sniper training, complete with formal formal establishment of the sniper, the other One is the temporary selection of a gun during the war and accurate shooter. For a sniper, the strong body and iron will is the essential prerequisite for the good quality of it is just basic marksmanship. for the sniper training, in addition to urging the implementation of the concept and master the sniper weapon system, including how to calculate the differential impact of wind and range, potential road to learn to select tactical maneuver routes, and build firing positions, concealed access and withdrawal positions, observation and find hidden targets. sniper must be good at observing the theater, to determine the position of suspicious sounds good at the use of artificial and natural camouflage materials, able to quickly maneuver, with the ability to endure long hours incubation. In addition, snipers also need to accurately interpret maps and aerial photos of the capacity of the battlefield, which often can help sniper quickly and safely enter and exit positions and battlefield.
for in the wild withdrawal routes, evacuation plans and safe even before early developed into a good position.
great role in the war sniper
goal is not just anti-each other's personnel, in fact, they often can play a normal the role of infantry tactics can not be achieved. For example, members of the tank by snipers, tanks, periscope and communications equipment to the loss of fire fighting; can be delayed by damage to key equipment for operations such as enemy bases. In addition, similar to the ammunition depot , oil library, the headquarters and other weak links are very vulnerable to snipers, tactical high-value targets.
as the German Wehrmacht in World War II record in the first place snipers shot Matthias. Noel Wendy and his recorded as 345 killed. He has said that measuring a sniper's success is not how many people he killed, but rather how he can cause effects on the enemy. snipers killed enemy if officers are often able to defeat the enemy's attack. World War II, Soviet sniper tactics fully aware of the value and be promoted. In the battle of Stalingrad, the Soviet snipers that German troops had a great fear for the morale of German troops from combat to an important role. According to statistics, during World War II, killing a soldier average to 2.5 million rounds of ammunition. the Vietnam War soldier to be killed on average every 20 million rounds of ammunition, a sniper in the same period, however, has an average of only 1.3 Development needs.
a sniper is not only a war can only influence the development of, and sometimes can change the course of history. in the North American War of Independence, the British army, Patrick. Colonel Ferguson attacks on the establishment and development initiatives hand are known as the Continental Army was the British colonial army in the most dangerous forces. Ferguson himself is a renowned sniper, but that he was renowned for his famous Germanic near the city Ferguson was on target at 125 yards of a U.S. military officer, as the officer turned to leave, Ferguson may be due to a gentleman with no shot to his back. He could have changed throughout history, because they were aimed at the person he is leading the United States independent George. Washington. The irony is that Ferguson himself was in October 1780 by the Continental Army of the Kentucky rifle at 450 yards on the hand of death, to surrender his troops After the British general Kanghua Li was forced to abandon the general attack against North Carolina. In contrast, the October 7, 1777, the North American Continental Army in Kentucky, a sniper rifle team in Saratoga Murphy Battle led his unit killed the British general reconnaissance Simon. Frayser general. Frayser direct impact on the situation of the war dead, leading to the British general John. Berg bankruptcy due to the breakout program, became the Battle of Saratoga turning point of the North American War of Independence. In a sense, the sniper shot Murphy in human history, perhaps the most weight bullet.
attacks requires constant training and experience accumulated since the second
Since World War II, the training of snipers little change: a sniper's basic training for 6 weeks. at this time of the convention can be traced back to World War II, when the sniper instructors typically come from front-line troops, they In the sniper to stay at least 6 weeks after the school often have to return to the front. In contrast, sniper guns and equipment changes have been rapid, especially in view of pointing device, all the way from the development of optical aiming devices to the concept of infrared aiming devices and low light level .
modern sniper task generally done in teams, usually including a sniper and an observer, which sometimes is the second sniper. Generally speaking, in addition to the necessary sniper rifle, the sniper hand equipment can also include pistols, camouflage clothing, camouflage paint, binoculars, radio communication equipment, infrared or night vision devices, maps, compass, and food. In order to maintain a long latent hidden most of the snipers use the water bag and straw, or even liquid high-calorie foods. World War II German sniper with the highest kill record Matthias. Wendy and Noel said that a sniper must always single-minded, not to serve in addition to attacks outside the task. WWII German sniper kill record is second to Allan Berg, that calm, confidence and courage are the essential qualities of a good sniper. how to measure and correct the trajectory of firearms, how to master shooting need time to accumulate experience and continuous training.
two effective anti-sniper tactics
According to reports, in 1994, the first Chechen war, the Chechen illegal armed snipers on the city of Grozny, Russian forces entered caused significant destruction. just 131 Russian tour in 3 days on the loss of nearly 800 people and 20 tanks, 102 armored vehicles. According to statistics, in the second Chechen war, Russian 80% of the casualties is still Chechen rebel sniper by the result. for the attacks on the troops, usually suspicious of the fire suppression position to interfere with sniper fire, and rapidly approaching the enemy, to find the sniper. looking for enemy snipers method including through the gunfire, the dynamic of plants and animals, the injection angle of the bullet, and even speculation that the enemy may use to determine the favorable terrain.
, of course, the best way to deal with enemy snipers are deployed snipers on one's own the hunt. In order to counter the German snipers during World War I British military snipers opened the first school .1955 m1956 years, the U.S. Army Infantry Training School set up a training camp striker, which is the U.S. military attack hand, the predecessor of the school. the school's training articles include: The best way to deal with enemy snipers are assigned to another well-trained snipers. for sniper tactics, the discovery of goals is an important part of . snipers hunting each other, there is a way to track known as SLLS that stop (stop), observe (look), listen (listen), smell (smell), is constantly aware of its purpose may be being watched you, and not to expose themselves rashly.
sniper brings fear is not death, but the thing is that even when the dead do not know the word
sharpshooter first use in English in 1802, it first appeared in a series of British Army military dictionary, used to call the Austrian infantry units. until the 1810s, sharpshooter already had GM. Meanwhile, sharpshooter the word was spelled sharp shooter, sharp and keen to describe people meaning. sharp shooter is of keen, accurate shooter; if terms from other languages, German is Scharfschutze, French is tireur drelite, meaning more clearly. should be translated into Chinese In modern usage, the also disguise, stealth, reconnaissance and special training of the shooter, etc., requiring more than normal at the assassination of people sneaking, it is not very fair and square, so the word has praised a derogatory meaning, the audience can not see the idea. As the negative impression of people, so the foreign security units have traditionally been under the striker said they are began to accept the When Achilles invincible swagger around in front of Troy, from the wall, I do not know that was a Cold Arrow corner shot, shot him in the ankle Vital.
of course, do not have to gun for sniper , but in general usage, mainly closely related with modern firearms.
in the early development of the history of firearms, there are very important with attacks on two inventions, one rifle, the other is aiming device .
the first line in the shell leaving the barrel wall is pulled in 1498 in Vienna Caspar Kollner, but his rifle is a straight two lines, should be used to speed up the loading speed, rather than used to improve accuracy. real use of spiral Rifle is believed to be in the 1500 to 1520, the in today Germany's Nuremberg area began; now saved the first one had rifled gun was in 1544 in the Swiss-made, existing in Zurich museum.
As for the target device, roughly the same before and after the 1500 invention, is the most basic of sight, according to the door with. With the rifle and aiming devices, greatly improving shooting accuracy, up to 200 meters away. It is said that sixteen century, the famous painter and inventor Leonardo da Vinci (Leonardo Da Vinci) who came with a homemade rifle Florence wall, aimed at enemy siege fired a shot, hit 300 meters an enemy soldier outside.
since the sixteenth century, the former bore rifle in Central Europe (today's Germany and Austria) began a large number of applications, the kind of rifle was known as the jaeger, the barrel is short, mainly used in hunting and competition on. to 1567, the Zurich and Bern, Switzerland, organized by region has always used a rifle shooting competition, shooting a fashion that has spread quickly throughout Europe.
At that time all over the princes of Germany's main income is the export mercenaries, who provided military service in Europe, is equipped with It is that jaeger rifles, these German mercenaries, also known as jaeger. However, the use of rifle with the rifle when the warhead must be closely engaged and the same can not be used as the musket barrel diameter smaller than the diameter of the projectile, the muzzle-loading rifle is very difficult and time consuming. for the sake of keeping a lot of firepower, the regular forces of all countries still with a shotgun, only a few avant-garde forces (skirmisher) was equipped with rifles.
early development in the United States, some immigrants moved to America to Central Europe and settled in Pennsylvania area, jaeger also will spread to America . Since reclamation, hunting, self-defense needs, jaeger become an indispensable tool. After the improvement of pioneers, smaller caliber, barrel extension, plus stock, also soaked in oil warheads with a cloth or leather bag muzzle-loading on the benefit. This is the famous Kentucky rifle origin (the name has to be to settle down until 1812, when Kentucky is a pioneering outpost).
the American Revolution (1775-1780)
the beginning of the American Revolution, the United States Continental Congress adopted a bill to recruit 10 to assist in the fight with rifles hand, is one of the most famous Captain Morgan (Col. Daniel Morgan) led the rifle hand (Morganrs Riflemen). Because of their familiar with the wilderness environment, the use of the terrain and have special expertise, as auxiliary forces in combat, specifically to disrupt the British officers and the ranks of Fuying Jun. of their firing range about between 200-400 yards, with the then muskets, war is usually in the 80 yards from the British regular troops, such is as the flesh in general. but also because they are freely used, and often do not listen to military orders bound themselves to slip out of the British Open a few shots , the U.S. military commander in the tactical use is very difficult. as General Washington's perception of them is not how good, have said they are more like a contagious plague and not useful resources (an asset .may be said to be in the very back luck. British Army Colonel Han format (Col. George Hanger) Colonel in 1814, wrote such a passage:
many of them bad), can hit 80 yards outside of the humanoid target, or even 100 yards; but if a soldier is the enemy at 150 yards with a common aim with his gun and wounded, then he really is a very unlucky a; As usual want to use a gun who shot 200 yards away, then you might as well shoot to the moon, both the opportunity to hit the target are the same. the British also hired to help fight the German jaeger. These jaeger rifle troops of the U.S. general posing a great threat, but due to the short range guns, or hand unable to deal with Kentucky rifles.
blessing to Kentucky Gunners hit in the war of independence Strike two most famous achievements. First, in June 1777 Battle of Saratoga (Battle of Saratoga), the shot at 300 yards the British Simon? Faure color General (Gen. Simon Fraser), shattered the British commander in chief John? Berger because (Gen. John Burgoyne) Breakthrough program, resulting in thousands of British troops from Canada south to surrender. This victory not only greatly inspired the colonial people and affected the French are still waiting to see. The original French government and lobbying in Paris at that time were reported in Franklin looked down upon, ignore the game which after the victory of Versailles to open the door for him right away . Finally, the United States and France signed a treaty of alliance, the French sent naval war against the British.
Another victim was a British Ferguson Captain (Capt. Patrick Ferguson, was promoted to major). he himself is also a sharpshooter, the Kentucky rifle early in the war's success, his painstaking research and design a new type of rifle, not only accurate but also a breech-loading, the maximum rate of fire 6 rounds per minute, the effective range of 200 yards or more, performance and rate of fire are far than muskets. his rifle more advanced level of technology far beyond the contemporary standard.
to the British in 1776 he demonstrated his new top gun, causing great interest in them, producing a 100 guns, and so he recruited to form a wearing a green army uniform, a light infantry company (Light Company) to the Americas operations. his first battle in the 1777 Battle of Brandywine (Battle of Brandywine), the U.S. military played a large lost. In The campaign, he also aimed a 125 yards away is the U.S. military officer riding, probably because of the gentleman behind the officer he did not shoot, not knowing that the officer was in Washington! This is the famous other units, he later failed to re-form. Finally, in 1780 the Battle of Kings Mountain he was shot and killed a Kentucky rifle hand, after the death of his new rifle also will be annihilation. historical moment is really regrettable .
Napoleonic Wars (1792-1815)
in the mid-18th century, most of continental Europe has been established avant-garde forces with rifles, one of the most well-known German jaeger addition, there are French The voltigeur and chasseur, when the war between the States and France after the outbreak in 1792, they played a great function.
1799, the Russian war in Switzerland and France. Russian blockade of a battery, a French must pass through an important mountain pass, if the French army to the front sights on it, simply in the narrow mountain road is not open to display only killed for nothing. At this time the Swiss in the French army of volunteers to bring their rifles from the Russian submarine Army artillery about 400 yards, in just a few minutes, all the gunners killed or injured, cheap UGG boots, the French do not charge a single soldier on the back of the passes.
in European countries, only British military rifles do not use a little attention, although during the Revolutionary War in the United States and Deficient eat rifles, and did not learn lessons .1799 year, a British landing operations in the Netherlands, in France rifle under the heavy casualties, are still unrepentant. even in the 1805 Battle of Cape Trafalgar, on the flagship Sniper injured, in pain and die happy intertwined.
later, the British finally remedy the situation, but also recruited a battalion of rifles hand, designation is the sixty-fifth Infantry battalion, members of the majority are of German descent the jaeger. and then also set up a rifle the famous ninety-fifth regiment, in Ilya Peninsula (Spain) to play a significant operational functions. ninety-fifth group is characterized by a rifle wearing a dark green uniforms, unlike the British regular army of bright red. most of them as avant-garde work, to fight against the French army officer, in the French army caused great casualties.
American Civil War (1861-1865) < br> 1849, the French army Captain Claude-Etienne Minie invented the end of a concave hole bomb warheads, the gas will be when the bullet fired through the bottom of the concave hole stretch warheads, with the barrel of the rifle bite; way, bullet diameter than the bore diameter can do little to solve the muzzle loading rifles difficult issues. to the American Civil War, almost all Western countries have all changed with the first bore rifle with detonators (rifle-musket) the.
Northern Army during the Civil War, Colonel Bo Dan (Col. Hiram Berdan, the future promotion of Brigadier General) in 1861, recruited two groups shooter (Berdanrs Regiments of Sharpshooters). They are the infantry units, primarily as a main force avant-garde, occasionally used as snipers. in the recently established, they use their own rifles or muzzle the dispensing wheel Colt rifle, only to have to use Sharps 1862 (Sharps) single breech rifles.
Christine? Sharps (Christian Sharps) in the fall of 1848 designed a type of breech locking device, to be his future after the bore rifle range basis. After several improvements, his 1859 design type used by the U.S. federal troops, as is the breech loading, in particular by the cavalry and the avant-garde forces welcome. United States Army during the war the North purchased a total of over 80,000 branches of Sharps Support Sharps carbine rifle and 9 thousand; the Yugoslav Army is concerned, although not to buy, but also set up factories in their own copy. In war, the Sharps rifle bullet to the use of metal shells, are still active in the western frontier regions, in hunting bison especially popular among hunters. It is said that even to the Korean War, is responsible for guarding prisoners of war in the Indian Army troops were still there with Sharps rifles.
Some say that the so-called sharpshooter is due to the use of the North Army marksman Sharp rifle from Sri Lanka, which of course, incorrectly relay an erroneous view. In addition to that of the sharpshooter in front of the word back in the early 19th century had already seen, another evidence Bodan recruiting poster that year. In August 1861 in a The poster said: The striker, rather than starting from scratch training. is to require minimum standards for the recruitment of 200 yards firing 10 rounds, hair hair must fall within the 10-inch diameter circle. rather special place is that they have begun to use camouflage, the uniform of the body Army North is dark green instead of blue uniform standard. Because it is the relationship between avant-garde, they are generally prepared by the above company level to meet the enemy, engagement, usually from 400 yards in the following; to carry out attacks on individuals the opportunity to man relatively less, but a record number of victories.
Army sniper in the South did not open as big as the North's military establishment, the shortage of resources were more in the south, sniper rifles used by the UK illegally imported The most famous is the Kerr (Kerr) and the benefits Chillingworth (Whitworth) these two rifles. The two guns are muzzle charge, fitted with optical sight range of up to twelve hundred yards after the above particularly among the most accurate rifles Hui Chillingworth, the names of several sniper rifles are Chillingworth with benefits in the seven or eight hundred yards completed. Because these guns expensive rare (one year to benefit Chillingworth asking price $ 500 rifles, a Sharps rifle Northern Army for $ 43, if the average soldier is allotted the first bore rifle, cheaper, less than $ 20), the Yugoslav Army, only thousands of players can be selected as a shooting sniper, usually not in a few people in the military.
Although the small number of Yugoslav Army snipers, but very brilliant victories; they do not serve as general service, on the battlefield freely and to choose the most effective sniper position . Throughout the Civil War, at least three army generals in South North of these long-range military sniper victims, casualties in the other junior officers, and many more. even Lincoln himself was targeted in the inspection of the battlefield, although he escaped a difficult, but was hit his retinue.
addition to dealing with personnel goals, two sniper artillery also favorite targets. At that time, the lack of communication method, still have to use direct visual artillery fire, with the location can not be too far away from the enemy lines, usually in the 700,800 yards outside. a good sniper gun coupled with a good, often can not allow the gunner to muzzle-loading (at the time were muzzle guns), sometimes even mobile gun emplacements are not. So long as the artillery was a sniper found traces of the enemy (then still using black powder, shooting will produce a lot of white smoke), usually immediately turned around the muzzle, the sniper near the H a pulpy.
fact, to equipment, the Sharps rifle breech the advantages are obvious. First of all, the gun breech under almost any position can be filled, the cavalry is not a problem in the immediate use of infantry if more can be lying or kneeling position after hiding covert filling, it is convenient for snipers; if the former bore rifles, the soldiers must be vertical loading, the target exposed to too much, can not be used immediately.
In addition, breech loading very fast little mistakes, and if a problem is easy to troubleshooting. muzzle loading gun complicated procedures, although from the 18th century have been used to facilitate the loading of ammunition wrapped, the entire procedure or faster it up. 1834 when the British Army before the test bore gun using detonators when records show that even skilled soldiers, but also per-minute rate of fire three rounds; this is no fighting in the results under pressure. In actual combat, due to various factors , two rounds per minute can be maintained even if the good. Also, soldiers in the occasion of confusion on the battlefield is prone to error. One of the most common mistake is to forget to pass, after filling out the barrel section, a pull the trigger, cleaning rod do not know where to go fly, they can not be filled.
Another common mistake is not in a hurry between warheads mistakenly inserted into the first gun powder, resulting in no bullets, the soldiers can only exit to the back of the ranks slowly warheads dug out. Is it still the foresight, many soldiers in the battle simply forget that they have no shot, no bullets have also not clear, often repeated loading, the results of course, worse. in 1863 After the Battle of Gettysburg Union Army clean up the battlefield, that left two soldiers on the battlefield 37,574 rifles, the barrel there are 24,000 sticks of bullets, including one with 6,000 warheads, warheads mistakenly plug the two There are 12,000 sticks, stuffed 3-10 with 6,000 warheads, the highest record is stuffed with a gun in the 23 warheads, is called the genius of the world out of handwriting.
Boer War (1899-1901) < br> to the Boer War, the warring sides have started to use a modern bolt rifle bolt. the British are using a .303-inch Lee? Enfield rifle (Lee-Enfield rifle), who use the name Pol The Mauser rifle (Mauser rifle).
Mauser rifle shooting in the quasi-long ...
Wednesday, February 9, 2011
You Wenguan network announced Titans injured Marchisio meters or missed the Warring States Period
Local time on February 7, Italy, Juventus announced through the official website, Marchisio left leg muscle injury. The club's official website that the midfielder only need three to four days rest. However,
away win over Cagliari Juventus game, Marchisio starter, he and Krasic, Merlot and midfielder Alberto Aquilani, who partners. OPTA statistics from the technology, Marchisio been in this game once violated. 71 minutes, Tony arranged Del Neri substituted him. Taking into account Marchisio hurt, this is a passive adjustment.
local time on February 7, returned to Turin, Marchisio accepted the check. Day evening, Juventus official website announced in a statement, The results showed that his left thigh muscle problem. The next few days, the players will accept treatment. Expected, he will recover in three to four days. This means that he can catch up with the February 13 Inter Milan Juventus home with the focus of war. However, The Italian media that the injury is likely to make Marchisio to miss this weekend, the focus of the war.
missed if Marchisio, then, for Juventus is a great loss. Since the start of the season, played in the league Marchisio 20 Total 1743 minutes. During Marchisio scored 4 goals 3 assists. Currently, Marchisio in good shape. In the recent match with Udinese and Palermo, he has the ball fetched. (This article Source: NEW YORK Author: sunny)
away win over Cagliari Juventus game, Marchisio starter, he and Krasic, Merlot and midfielder Alberto Aquilani, who partners. OPTA statistics from the technology, Marchisio been in this game once violated. 71 minutes, Tony arranged Del Neri substituted him. Taking into account Marchisio hurt, this is a passive adjustment.
local time on February 7, returned to Turin, Marchisio accepted the check. Day evening, Juventus official website announced in a statement, The results showed that his left thigh muscle problem. The next few days, the players will accept treatment. Expected, he will recover in three to four days. This means that he can catch up with the February 13 Inter Milan Juventus home with the focus of war. However, The Italian media that the injury is likely to make Marchisio to miss this weekend, the focus of the war.
missed if Marchisio, then, for Juventus is a great loss. Since the start of the season, played in the league Marchisio 20 Total 1743 minutes. During Marchisio scored 4 goals 3 assists. Currently, Marchisio in good shape. In the recent match with Udinese and Palermo, he has the ball fetched. (This article Source: NEW YORK Author: sunny)
Tuesday, February 8, 2011
Of Greece re-tightening
The European Union and the International Monetary Fund Group 27, went to Greece once again to consider the Greek government to deal with the debt crisis, austerity policies implemented by the latest progress, with its new round of talks.
Group will directly determine the results of the audit in March of Greece can continue to receive from the European Union and the International Monetary Fund released the fourth installment of the total loans of 150 million euros. According to reports, the European Union and the Group of Experts on the International Monetary Fund is likely to exert greater pressure on Greece to promote the loss of the Greek state-owned enterprises to accelerate the privatization process and the pace of opening closed industries.
Greece in May last year sovereign credit default risk facing serious, the European Union and the International Monetary Fund decided to spend 110 billion euros, to help them deal with the debt crisis. As a condition, the Greek government must be strictly implemented within the specified time of fiscal austerity. International Monetary Fund, the European Central Bank and the European Union will regularly assess the status of policy implementation in Greece to determine the loan time.
the day of arrival in the group of experts, Greek Prime Minister Andreas Papandreou in the will be reorganized. In his view, the European Union and the International Monetary Fund rescue loan period will be gradually extended, debt interest payments will decline. He also hoped that this year may return to the Greek capital market funding.
But some trade union organizations of the Greek government does not seem to go for a series of reform measures, have announced a protest against the boom set off again. Private Enterprise Association of Greece 24, announced that it will be held February 23 24-hour strike. Greek public transport sector will continue to organize this week suspended the protests, a pharmacy also announced that starting from 26 consecutive 72-hour strike held to protest against the government to open up the market reforms of the industry. Association of Greek public last week, has announced it will be held in the Feb. 10 nationwide strike to protest against the Government to increase taxes, privatization of state-owned enterprises reform. In addition, the management station announced that the Greek Highway 24 began to increase fees and charges from the amount of Greek farmers protest at the national meeting on the highway, forcing vehicles to pass toll stations free of charge to protest against the current policy has resulted in their purchasing power decline.
>;>; Comments
the debt structure is irrational, the Greek government in 2010, face enormous pressure of repayment. According to the Greek Ministry of Finance statistics, from April 2010 to 12 months, require the return of Greek government debt 39.7 billion euros. Meanwhile, the Greek government financing environment facing the market is quite bad, hair refinance old debt debt management is limited. Therefore, Greece will have access to credit in a considerable part of the funds used to repay maturing debt. Greek 2011 budget with the adoption and implementation of the program, the Greek government will get the loans are mainly used to support the financial expenses in 2011.
Although Greece and the euro-zone countries to rely on the IMF loans barely survived, but the need for fiscal austerity and a series of large-scale structural reforms to meet the stringent loan conditions. Greece in 2010 introduced a series of financial expenditure reduction programs carried out structural adjustment, the scheduled completion of deficit reduction plan, the 2010 budget deficit to GDP ratio from 15.4% in 2009 to about 9.4%. The next stage will be in control of the Greek government spending to combat tax evasion, government restructuring, labor market reform to reduce the loss of state-owned enterprises to address the health situation in the field of waste of money and achieved new progress in 2011 for reduction of 50 billion euros in fiscal deficit, the fiscal deficit to GDP ratio decreased to 7.4%. Although basically meet the EU and Greece the IMF reform under the conditions, but the International Monetary Fund is still pointed out that the Greek budget problems still exist, including local government budget in particular.
fact, solve the problem of the Greek sovereign debt key lies in Greece's own economic growth. Greece imposed a series of reforms such as fiscal tightening on domestic demand had a destructive effect, short-term is not conducive to economic growth, but optimize the economic structure, reducing the labor costs in the long term conducive to economic development. According to EU forecasts, the Greek economy will continue to shrink in 2011, 2012, in order to restore growth.
Group will directly determine the results of the audit in March of Greece can continue to receive from the European Union and the International Monetary Fund released the fourth installment of the total loans of 150 million euros. According to reports, the European Union and the Group of Experts on the International Monetary Fund is likely to exert greater pressure on Greece to promote the loss of the Greek state-owned enterprises to accelerate the privatization process and the pace of opening closed industries.
Greece in May last year sovereign credit default risk facing serious, the European Union and the International Monetary Fund decided to spend 110 billion euros, to help them deal with the debt crisis. As a condition, the Greek government must be strictly implemented within the specified time of fiscal austerity. International Monetary Fund, the European Central Bank and the European Union will regularly assess the status of policy implementation in Greece to determine the loan time.
the day of arrival in the group of experts, Greek Prime Minister Andreas Papandreou in the will be reorganized. In his view, the European Union and the International Monetary Fund rescue loan period will be gradually extended, debt interest payments will decline. He also hoped that this year may return to the Greek capital market funding.
But some trade union organizations of the Greek government does not seem to go for a series of reform measures, have announced a protest against the boom set off again. Private Enterprise Association of Greece 24, announced that it will be held February 23 24-hour strike. Greek public transport sector will continue to organize this week suspended the protests, a pharmacy also announced that starting from 26 consecutive 72-hour strike held to protest against the government to open up the market reforms of the industry. Association of Greek public last week, has announced it will be held in the Feb. 10 nationwide strike to protest against the Government to increase taxes, privatization of state-owned enterprises reform. In addition, the management station announced that the Greek Highway 24 began to increase fees and charges from the amount of Greek farmers protest at the national meeting on the highway, forcing vehicles to pass toll stations free of charge to protest against the current policy has resulted in their purchasing power decline.
>;>; Comments
the debt structure is irrational, the Greek government in 2010, face enormous pressure of repayment. According to the Greek Ministry of Finance statistics, from April 2010 to 12 months, require the return of Greek government debt 39.7 billion euros. Meanwhile, the Greek government financing environment facing the market is quite bad, hair refinance old debt debt management is limited. Therefore, Greece will have access to credit in a considerable part of the funds used to repay maturing debt. Greek 2011 budget with the adoption and implementation of the program, the Greek government will get the loans are mainly used to support the financial expenses in 2011.
Although Greece and the euro-zone countries to rely on the IMF loans barely survived, but the need for fiscal austerity and a series of large-scale structural reforms to meet the stringent loan conditions. Greece in 2010 introduced a series of financial expenditure reduction programs carried out structural adjustment, the scheduled completion of deficit reduction plan, the 2010 budget deficit to GDP ratio from 15.4% in 2009 to about 9.4%. The next stage will be in control of the Greek government spending to combat tax evasion, government restructuring, labor market reform to reduce the loss of state-owned enterprises to address the health situation in the field of waste of money and achieved new progress in 2011 for reduction of 50 billion euros in fiscal deficit, the fiscal deficit to GDP ratio decreased to 7.4%. Although basically meet the EU and Greece the IMF reform under the conditions, but the International Monetary Fund is still pointed out that the Greek budget problems still exist, including local government budget in particular.
fact, solve the problem of the Greek sovereign debt key lies in Greece's own economic growth. Greece imposed a series of reforms such as fiscal tightening on domestic demand had a destructive effect, short-term is not conducive to economic growth, but optimize the economic structure, reducing the labor costs in the long term conducive to economic development. According to EU forecasts, the Greek economy will continue to shrink in 2011, 2012, in order to restore growth.
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